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Association between sleep duration and sleep quality with sugar and sugar-sweetened beverages intake among university students

  • Sleep Breathing Physiology and Disorders • Original Article
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Abstract

Background and aim

Both short sleep duration and intake of sugar or sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) are associated with weight gain; but the linkage between sleep characteristics and sugar or SSBs intake was less studied. We aimed to evaluate the associations of sleep duration and sleep quality with sugar and SSBs intake among Iranian adults.

Method

This cross-sectional study consisted of 395 adults chosen among students of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, based on a multistage cluster random sampling method. Sleep characteristics and dietary intakes and were assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and a 147-item validated food frequency questionnaire, respectively.

Results

Mean age and percentage of women in the study population were 22.79 (year) and 51.8%, respectively. No significant difference was observed between sleep duration and sugar intake, but short sleepers (< 6 h/d) had higher consumption of SSBs intake (86.54 vs. 65.73 g/day; P = 0.05) in comparison with those who had more than 8 h/d of sleep. Poor quality sleepers had significantly higher intake of SSBs compared with those with good quality of sleeping (87.09 vs. 56.73 g/day; P = 0.004). No significant correlation was found between sleep duration and SSBs intake. However, sleep quality score was positively correlated with SSBs intake (rp:0.14, P = 0.007) in whole population, such that higher quality score (defined as poor sleep quality) was correlated with greater consumption of SSBs. Similar results were found in younger individuals (rp:0.27, P = 0.002) and non-obese participants (rp:0.14, P = 0.006).

Conclusion

We found that sleep duration was not associated with sugar or SSBs intake in Iranian adults. Poor sleep quality was correlated with high consumption of SSBs, especially in younger and non-obese individuals. More prospective investigations are required to confirm these findings.

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Abbreviations

FFQ:

Food frequency questionnaire

SSB:

Sugar-sweetened beverages

PSQI:

Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index

NIH:

National Institute of Health

BMI:

Body mass index

SES:

Social Economic Survey

SCL:

Symptom checklist

OSA:

Obstructive sleep apnea

STOP–Bang:

Snoring, Tiredness, Observed apnea, blood Pressure, Body mass index, Age, Neck circumference and Gender

H/d:

Hours/day

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Acknowledgments

This study was extracted from an MSc dissertation that was approved by School of Nutrition & Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (no.397386) (Ethical code, IR.MUI.Research.REC.1397. 245).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

    Behnoosh Boozari, Parvane Saneei & Seyed Morteza Safavi

  2. Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 81745-151, Isfahan, Iran

    Behnoosh Boozari & Seyed Morteza Safavi

  3. Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

    Parvane Saneei

Authors
  1. Behnoosh Boozari
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  2. Parvane Saneei
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Contributions

BB, PS, and SMS contributed in conception, design, statistical analysis, data collection, and manuscript drafting

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Seyed Morteza Safavi.

Ethics declarations

All subjects provided written informed consent. The present investigation was approved by the research council and ethical committee of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Parvane Saneei is the co-first author.

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Boozari, B., Saneei, P. & Safavi, S.M. Association between sleep duration and sleep quality with sugar and sugar-sweetened beverages intake among university students. Sleep Breath 25, 649–656 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-020-02155-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-020-02155-5

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