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Mood disorders are highly prevalent in patients investigated with a multiple sleep latency test

  • Sleep Breathing Physiology and Disorders • Original Article
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Abstract

Purpose

Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is a debilitating symptom which occurs commonly in both primary sleep and mood disorders. The prevalence of mood disorders in patients with EDS, evaluated objectively with a mean sleep latency test (MSLT), has not been reported. We hypothesize that mood disorders are highly prevalent in patients being investigated for EDS. This study aims to report the prevalence of mood disorder in the MSLT population and investigate the association between mood disorder and objective and subjective scores of sleepiness.

Methods

A retrospective multicenter study of adults with a MSLT and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Score (HADS) identified over a 3-year period. The HADS is a validated questionnaire in detecting depression (HADS-D ≥ 8) and anxiety (HADS-A ≥ 11) in the sleep clinic population. Data collected included demographics, medical, and sleep study information. Mood disorder prevalence was compared to the general sleep clinic population. Correlation between measures of sleepiness and mood was performed.

Results

Two hundred twenty patients were included with mean age 41.1 ± 15.7 years, mean body mass index 28.6 kg/m2 of whom 30% had anxiety (HADS-A > 11) and 43% depression (HADS-D > 8). Mean results for the cohort are ESS 13.7, mean sleep latency 11.5 min, HADS-A 8.2, and HADS-D 7. There was no significant correlation between objective sleepiness, as measured by the mean sleep latency, and either HADS-A (−0.006, p = 0.93) or HADS-D score (0.002, p = 0.98). There was, however, a weak correlation between subjective sleepiness, as measured by the ESS, and the mean sleep latency (−0.25, p < 0.01), HADS-A (0.15, p = 0.03), and HADS-D (0.2, p = 0.004). There was no significant association between diagnosis of hypersomnia disorders and presence of anxiety (p = 0.71) or depression (p = 0.83).

Conclusions

Mood disorders are highly prevalent in the MSLT population. There was a weak correlation found between subjective measures of sleepiness and mood disorders, but not between objective measures of sleepiness and mood disorders. Routine screening for mood disorders in patients with hypersomnolence should be considered.

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Acknowledgements

This study was a retrospective multicenter study of the Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Hospital, Melbourne and Sleep Department, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Respiratory Medicine, Alfred Hospital, 55 Commercial Road, Melbourne, 3004, Australia

    Eve J. Denton, Matthew T. Naughton & Eli Dabscheck

  2. Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, Australia

    Eve J. Denton, Maree Barnes, Tom Churchward, Melinda Jackson & Allison Collins

  3. University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia

    Maree Barnes

Authors
  1. Eve J. Denton
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  2. Maree Barnes
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  3. Tom Churchward
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  4. Melinda Jackson
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  5. Allison Collins
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  6. Matthew T. Naughton
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  7. Eli Dabscheck
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Eve J. Denton.

Ethics declarations

For this type of study formal consent is not required. However, the study was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committees at both Institutions.

Conflict of interest

All authors certify that they have no affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest (such as honoraria; educational grants; participation in speakers’ bureaus; membership, employment, consultancies, stock ownership, or other equity interest; and expert testimony or patent-licensing arrangements), or non-financial interest (such as personal or professional relationships, affiliations, knowledge or beliefs) in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript.

Ethical approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Denton, E.J., Barnes, M., Churchward, T. et al. Mood disorders are highly prevalent in patients investigated with a multiple sleep latency test. Sleep Breath 22, 305–309 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-017-1572-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-017-1572-8

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