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Elevated serum cystatin C in severe OSA younger men without complications

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Abstracts

Purpose

Serum cystatin C is a promising new biomarker of glomerular filtration rate and cardiovascular events, but few studies focused on serum cystatin C levels in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients. The aim of our study was to evaluate the association between serum cystatin C and OSA in younger men (≤40 years old of age) without complications.

Methods

We prospectively recruited consecutive participants without comorbidities who underwent polysomnography. Fasting blood samples were obtained from all subjects for biological profile measurements. Statistical analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between serum cystatin C and other parameters.

Results

The population consisted of 98 subjects (mean age = 32.5 years, mean body mass index = 27.93 kg/m2) that were divided according to polysomnographic finding into control group (n = 23), mild (n = 15), moderate (n = 24), and severe (n = 36) OSA group. Compared with the control group, patients with severe OSA were significantly heavier (body mass index, 29.69 ± 3.81 vs. 26.42 ± 3.10) and presented significantly higher levels of high sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) (1.10 ± 0.28 vs. 0.88 ± 0.20 mg/l) and serum cystatin C (0.87 ± 0.12 vs. 0.74 ± 0.10 mg/l) (p < 0.05 for all comparisons). Cystatin C was correlated with Apnea Hypopnea Index (AHI), Oxygen Desaturation Index, hsCRP, creatinine, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (r = 0.319, 0.279, 0.321, 0.233, −0.241, p = 0.001, 0.005, 0.001, 0.021, 0.017, respectively). After adjustment for confounding factors, AHI was significantly and positively associated with serum cystatin C levels (β = 0.284, p = 0.007).

Conclusions

Our finding indicated that serum cystatin C was associated with the severity of OSA in younger men. Further study is needed to find out whether OSA patients with increased serum cystatin C levels are prone to subclinical cardiovascular and renal diseases.

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Abbreviations

AHI:

Apnea Hypopnea Index

BMI:

Body mass index

DBP:

Diastolic blood pressure

HDL-C:

High-density lipoprotein-cholesterol

hsCRP:

High sensitive C-reactive protein

LDL-C:

Low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol

Mini SaO2 :

Minimal O2 saturation

ODI:

Oxygen Desaturation Index

SBP:

Systolic blood pressure

TC:

Total cholesterol

TG:

Triglycerides

TST:

The percentage of total sleep time spent with SaO2 <90 %

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by grant C07100008 for Natural Science Foundation from Fujian Province of China. The authors acknowledge the help by Bing Yang for blood analysis.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 20, Chazhong road, Taijiang district, Fuzhou, Fujian province, People’s Republic of China, 350005

    Xiao-Bin Zhang, Qi-Chang Lin, Chao-Sheng Deng, Gong-Ping Chen, Zhi-Ming Cai & Hua Chen

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  1. Xiao-Bin Zhang
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  2. Qi-Chang Lin
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Correspondence to Qi-Chang Lin.

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Zhang, XB., Lin, QC., Deng, CS. et al. Elevated serum cystatin C in severe OSA younger men without complications. Sleep Breath 17, 235–241 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-012-0678-2

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