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Optimization of Keyhole Imaging Parameters for Glutamate Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer MRI at 7.0 T

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Abstract

Purpose

To evaluate the effects of a reference image and keyhole factor (Kf) selections for high-frequency substitution on keyhole imaging technique for applications in glutamate chemical exchange saturation transfer (GluCEST) imaging.

Procedures

The CEST data were obtained using a 7.0 T MRI scanner. We used varied Kf ranges that constituted from 16.67 to 75 % of the full k-space. The reference image was respectively selected for − 3 and + 3 ppm images that associated with the GluCEST calculation and the unsaturated image. The zero-padding algorithm was applied for the missing k-space lines in the low-frequency data collected to compare the results obtained from using the keyhole imaging technique. All the techniques were evaluated using a healthy rat group and extended to the status epilepticus rat group to explore their applicability and usability.

Results

The calculated GluCEST signals and visually inspected results from the reconstructed GluCEST maps indicated that the combination of unsaturated image as a reference image, and over 50 % of Kf showed consistent signals and image quality compared with the fully sampled CEST data.

Conclusions

Combining the keyhole imaging technique with GluCEST imaging enables stable image reconstruction and quantitative evaluation, and this approach is potentially applicable in various CEST imaging applications.

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Funding

This study was supported by grants from the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea [NRF-2018R1C1B6004521; NRF-2017R1A6A3A03012461; and NRF-2018R1A2B2007694] and the Korea Health Technology R&D Project through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute [HI14C1090], funded by the Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea.

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    Authors and Affiliations

    1. Department of Radiation Convergence Engineering, Yonsei University, 1 Yonseidae-gil, Wonju, Gangwondo, 26493, South Korea

      Dong-Hoon Lee

    2. Department of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea

      Do-Wan Lee, Jeong Kon Kim & Kyung Won Kim

    3. Convergence Medicine Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea

      Chul-Woong Woo, Jae-Im Kwon & Dong-Cheol Woo

    4. Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 138-736, South Korea

      Dong-Cheol Woo

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    1. Dong-Hoon Lee
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    Correspondence to Dong-Hoon Lee or Dong-Cheol Woo.

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    Lee, DH., Lee, DW., Woo, CW. et al. Optimization of Keyhole Imaging Parameters for Glutamate Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer MRI at 7.0 T. Mol Imaging Biol 22, 924–930 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11307-019-01461-z

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