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Optimization of Coded Aperture Radioscintigraphy for Sentinel Lymph Node Mapping

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Abstract

Purpose

Radioscintigraphic imaging during sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping could potentially improve localization; however, parallel-hole collimators have certain limitations. In this study, we explored the use of coded aperture (CA) collimators.

Procedures

Equations were derived for the six major dependent variables of CA collimators (i.e., masks) as a function of the ten major independent variables, and an optimized mask was fabricated. After validation, dual-modality CA and near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence SLN mapping were performed in pigs.

Results

Mask optimization required the judicious balance of competing dependent variables, resulting in sensitivity of 0.35%, XY resolution of 2.0 mm, and Z resolution of 4.2 mm at an 11.5-cm field of view. The findings in pigs suggested that NIR fluorescence imaging and CA radioscintigraphy could be complementary, but present difficult technical challenges.

Conclusions

This study lays the foundation for using CA collimation for SLN mapping, and also exposes several problems that require further investigation.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Elaine P. Lunsford of the Longwood Small Animal Imaging Facility for the assistance with the image display, Preeti Misra for the preparation of 99mTc-albumin, Hak Soo Choi for the preparation of HSA800, J. Anthony Parker for the many helpful discussions, Mary McCarthy, Lorissa A. Moffitt, and Lindsey Gendall for editing, and Eugenia Trabucchi for the administrative assistance. This work was supported by National Institutes of Health (NIH) grant R01-CA-115296 (JVF) and grants from the Lewis Family Fund (JVF) and the Ellison Foundation (JVF).

Conflict of Interest Statement

Hirofumi Fujii, John D. Idoine, Sylvain Gioux, Roberto Accorsi, David R. Slochower, and Richard C. Lanza do not have any conflict of interest. John V. Frangioni, M.D., Ph.D.: All intellectual property for the FLARE™ and m-FLARE™ imaging systems is owned by the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC), a teaching hospital of Harvard Medical School. As the inventor of the technology, Dr. Frangioni may someday receive royalties if the technology is ever commercialized. Dr. Frangioni is the founder and unpaid director of The FLARE Foundation, a non-profit organization focused on promoting the dissemination of medical imaging technology for research and clinical use.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Hematology/Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, 02215, USA

    Hirofumi Fujii, Sylvain Gioux, David R. Slochower & John V. Frangioni

  2. Functional Imaging Division, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, 277-8577, Japan

    Hirofumi Fujii

  3. Department of Physics, Kenyon College, Gambier, OH, 43022, USA

    John D. Idoine & David R. Slochower

  4. Department of Radiology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA

    Roberto Accorsi

  5. Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA

    Richard C. Lanza

  6. Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Room SL-B05, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA

    John V. Frangioni

Authors
  1. Hirofumi Fujii
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  2. John D. Idoine
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  3. Sylvain Gioux
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  4. Roberto Accorsi
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  5. David R. Slochower
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  6. Richard C. Lanza
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  7. John V. Frangioni
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to John V. Frangioni.

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Fujii, H., Idoine, J.D., Gioux, S. et al. Optimization of Coded Aperture Radioscintigraphy for Sentinel Lymph Node Mapping. Mol Imaging Biol 14, 173–182 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11307-011-0494-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11307-011-0494-2

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