A metabolomics-based approach for the evaluation of off-tree ripening conditions and different postharvest treatments in mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana)

R. Parijadi, Anjaritha A.; Ridwani, Sobir; Dwivany, Fenny M.; Putri, Sastia P.; Fukusaki, Eiichiro

doi:10.1007/s11306-019-1526-1

Original Article
Published: 03 May 2019

A metabolomics-based approach for the evaluation of off-tree ripening conditions and different postharvest treatments in mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana)

Anjaritha A. R. Parijadi¹,
Sobir Ridwani²,
Fenny M. Dwivany³,
Sastia P. Putri^1,3 &
Eiichiro Fukusaki¹

Metabolomics volume 15, Article number: 73 (2019) Cite this article

785 Accesses
6 Citations
2 Altmetric
Metrics details

Abstract

Introduction

Metabolomics is an important tool to support postharvest fruit development and ripening studies. Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) is a tropical fruit with high market value but has short shelf-life during postharvest handling. Several postharvest technologies have been applied to maintain mangosteen fruit quality during storage. However, there is no study to evaluate the metabolite changes that occur in different harvesting and ripening condition. Additionally, the effect of postharvest treatment using a metabolomics approach has never been studied in mangosteen.

Objectives

The aims of this study were to evaluate the metabolic changes between different harvesting and ripening condition and to evaluate the effect of postharvest treatment in mangosteen.

Methods

Mangosteen ripening stage were collected with several different conditions (“natural on-tree”, “random on-tree” and “off-tree”). The metabolite changes were investigated for each ripening condition. Additionally, mangosteen fruit was harvested in stage 2 and was treated with several different treatments (storage at low temperature (LT; 12.3 ± 1.4 °C) and stress inducer treatment (methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid) in comparison with control treatment (normal temperature storage) and the metabolite changes were monitored over the course of 10 days after treatment. The metabolome data obtained from gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry were analyzed by multivariate analysis, including hierarchical clustering analysis, principal component analysis, and partial to latent squares analysis.

Results

“On-tree” ripening condition showed the progression of ripening process in accordance with the accumulation of some aroma precursor metabolites in the flesh part and pectin breakdown in the peel part. Interestingly, similar trend was found in the “off-tree” ripening condition although the progression of ripening process observed through color changes occurred much faster compared to “on-tree” ripening. Additionally, low-temperature treatment is shown as the most effective treatment to prolong mangosteen shelf-life among all postharvest treatments tested in this study compared to control treatment. After postharvest treatment, a total of 71 and 65 metabolites were annotated in peel and flesh part of mangosteen, respectively. Several contributed metabolites (xylose, galactose, galacturonic acid, glucuronate, glycine, and rhamnose) were decreased after treatment in the peel part. However, low-temperature treatment did not show any significant differences compared to a room temperature treatment in the flesh part.

Conclusions

Our findings clearly indicate that there is a similar trend of metabolic changes between on-tree and off-tree ripening conditions. Additionally, postharvest treatment directly or indirectly influences many metabolic processes (cell-wall degrading process, sweet-acidic taste quality) during postharvest treatment.

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution.

Access options

Buy single article

Instant access to the full article PDF.

43,34 €

Price includes VAT (Finland)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

References

Ä Herna Ä Ndez-orte, P. N., Cacho, J. F., & Ferreira, V. (2002). Relationship between varietal amino acid profile of grapes and wine aromatic composition. Experiments with model solutions and chemometric study. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 50, 2891–2899. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf011395o.
CAS Article Google Scholar
Ali, K., Maltese, F., Fortes, A. M., Pais, M. S., Choi, Y. H., & Verpoorte, R. (2011). Monitoring biochemical changes during grape berry development in Portuguese cultivars by NMR spectroscopy. Food Chemistry, 124, 1760–1769. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.08.015.
CAS Article Google Scholar
Allwood, J. W., Cheung, W., Xu, Y., Mumm, R., De Vos, R. C. H., Deborde, C., et al. (2014). Metabolomics in melon: A new opportunity for aroma analysis. Phytochemistry, 99, 61–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2013.12.010.
CAS Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
An, P. N. T., Yamaguchi, M., Bamba, T., & Fukusaki, E. (2014). Metabolome analysis of Drosophila melanogaster during embryogenesis. PLoS ONE, 9(8), e99519. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0099519.
CAS Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
António, C., Päpke, C., Rocha, M., Diab, H., Limami, A. M., Obata, T., et al. (2016). Regulation of primary metabolism in response to low oxygen availability as revealed by carbon and nitrogen isotope redistribution. Plant Physiology, 170(1), 43–56. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.15.00266.
CAS Article PubMed Google Scholar
Asif, M., Lakhwani, D., Pathak, S., Gupta, P., Bag, S. K., Nath, P., et al. (2014). Transcriptome analysis of ripe and unripe fruit tissue of banana identifies major metabolic networks involved in fruit ripening process. BMC Plant Biology, 14(1), 316. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-014-0316-1.
CAS Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Biais, B., Beauvoit, B., William Allwood, J., Deborde, C., Maucourt, M., Goodacre, R., et al. (2010). Metabolic acclimation to hypoxia revealed by metabolite gradients in melon fruit. Journal of Plant Physiology, 167(3), 242–245. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JPLPH.2009.08.010.
CAS Article PubMed Google Scholar
Bonghi, C., Serrano, M., Hernández, Miguel, de Elche, U., Brian Farneti, S., Edmund Mach, F., et al. (2018). Metabolic responses to low temperature of three peach fruit cultivars differently sensitive to cold storage. Frontiers in Plant Science, 9(706), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.00706.
Article Google Scholar
Bouzayen, M., Latché, A., Nath, P., & Pech, J.-C. (2010). Mechanism of Fruit Ripening. Plant Developmental Biology-Biotechnological Perspectives (Vol. 1). Singapore: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02301-9.
Chapter Google Scholar
Bustamante, C. A., Budde, C. O., Borsani, J., Lombardo, V. A., Lauxmann, M. A., Andreo, C. S., et al. (2012). Heat treatment of peach fruit: Modifications in the extracellular compartment and identification of novel extracellular proteins. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 60, 35–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2012.07.021.
CAS Article PubMed Google Scholar
Czarny, J. C., Grichko, V. P., & Glick, B. R. (2006). Genetic modulation of ethylene biosynthesis and signaling in plants. Biotechnology Advances, 24(4), 410–419. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biotechadv.2006.01.003.
CAS Article PubMed Google Scholar
Dangcham, S., Bowen, J., Ferguson, I. B., & Ketsa, S. (2008). Effect of temperature and low oxygen on pericarp hardening of mangosteen fruit stored at low temperature. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 50(1), 37–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2008.02.005.
CAS Article Google Scholar
Dangcham, S., & Ketsa, S. (2007). Relationship between maturity stages and low temperature involved in the pericarp hardening of mangosteen fruit after storage. Thai Journal of Agricultural Science, 40, 3–4.
Google Scholar
Das, S., & De, B. (2015). Analyzing changes in metabolite profile during postharvest ripening in Achras sapota fruits: GC-MS based metabolomics approach. International Food Research Journal, 22(6), 2288–2293.
CAS Google Scholar
de Castro, M. F. P., de Almeida Anjos, V. D., Bortolossi Rezende, A. C., Benato, E. A., & de Toledo Valentini, S. R. (2012). Postharvest technologies for mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) conservation. Ciencia E Tecnologia De Alimentos, 32(4), 668–672. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0101-20612012005000103.
Article Google Scholar
De Virginia Vasconcelos Facundo, H., Dos, D., Garruti, S., Tadeu, C., Dias, S., Cordenunsi, B. R., et al. (2012). Influence of different banana cultivars on volatile compounds during ripening in cold storage. FRIN, 49, 626–633. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2012.08.013.
CAS Article Google Scholar
Du, L., Song, J., Forney, C., Palmer, L. C., Fillmore, S., & Zhang, Z. (2016). Proteome changes in banana fruit peel tissue in response to ethylene and high-temperature treatments. Horticulture Research, 3, 16012. https://doi.org/10.1038/hortres.2016.12.
CAS Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Dunn, W. B., Broadhurst, D., Begley, P., Zelena, E., Francis-McIntyre, S., Anderson, N., et al. (2011). Procedures for large-scale metabolic profiling of serum and plasma using gas chromatography and liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Nature Protocols, 6(7), 1060–1083. https://doi.org/10.1038/nprot.2011.335.
CAS Article PubMed Google Scholar
El Hadi, M. A. M., Zhang, F. J., Wu, F. F., Zhou, C. H., & Tao, J. (2013). Advances in fruit aroma volatile research. Molecules, 18(7), 8200–8229. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules18078200.
CAS Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Fabíola, D., Silva, P., Carlos, L., Salomão, C., Lopes De Siqueira, D., Cecon, P. R., & Rocha, A. (2009). Potassium permanganate effects in postharvest conservation of the papaya cultivar Sunrise Golden, 44(7), 669–675. Retrieved from http://www.scielo.br/pdf/pab/v44n7/03.pdf. Accessed 24 January 2018
Fiehn, O., Robertson, D., Griffin, J., Van Der, M., Ae, W., Nikolau, B., et al. (2007). The metabolomics standards initiative (MSI). Metabolomics, 3, 175–178. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11306-007-0070-6.
CAS Article Google Scholar
García, M., Casariego, A., Díaz, R., & Roblejo, L. (2014). Effect of edible chitosan/zeolite coating on tomatoes quality during refrigerated storage. Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture, 26(3), 238–246. https://doi.org/10.9755/ejfa.v26i3.16620.
Article Google Scholar
García, M. J., Romera, F. J., Lucena, C., Alcántara, E., & Pérez-Vicente, R. (2015). Ethylene and the regulation of physiological and morphological responses to nutrient deficiencies. Plant Physiology, 169(1), 51–60. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.15.00708.
CAS Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Guo, H., & Ecker, J. R. (2004). The ethylene signaling pathway: New insights. Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 7(1), 40–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pbi.2003.11.011.
CAS Article PubMed Google Scholar
Hatoum, D., Annaratone, C., Hertog, M. L. A. T. M., Geeraerd, A. H., & Nicolai, B. M. (2014). Targeted metabolomics study of ‘Braeburn’ apples during long-term storage. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 96, 33–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.POSTHARVBIO.2014.05.004.
CAS Article Google Scholar
Hayama, H., Tatsuki, M., Ito, A., & Kashimura, Y. (2006). Ethylene and fruit softening in the stony hard mutation in peach. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 41(1), 16–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2006.03.006.
CAS Article Google Scholar
Ho, Q. T., Verboven, P., Verlinden, B. E., Schenk, A., Delele, M. A., Rolletschek, H., et al. (2010). Genotype effects on internal gas gradients in apple fruit. Journal of Experimental Botany, 61(10), 2745–2755. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erq108.
CAS Article PubMed Google Scholar
Ho, Q. T., Verlinden, B. E., Verboven, P., Vandewalle, S., Nicolai, B. M., & Nicolai, N. (2006). A permeation-diffusion-reaction model of gas transport in cellular tissue of plant materials. Journal of Experimental Botany, 57(15), 4215–4224. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erl198.
CAS Article PubMed Google Scholar
Huan, C., Jiang, L., An, X., Yu, M., Xu, Y., Ma, R., et al. (2016). Potential role of reactive oxygen species and antioxidant genes in the regulation of peach fruit development and ripening. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 104, 294–303. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PLAPHY.2016.05.013.
CAS Article PubMed Google Scholar
Jumhawan, U., Putri, S. P., Yusianto Marwani, E., Bamba, T., & Fukusaki, E. (2013). Selection of discriminant markers for authentication of asian palm civet coffee (Kopi Luwak): A metabolomics approach. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 61(33), 7994–8001. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf401819s.
CAS Article PubMed Google Scholar
Kanellis, A. K., Sanchez-Ballesta, M. T., Drincovich, M. F., Bustamante, C. A., Monti, L. L., Gabilondo, J., et al. (2016). Differential metabolic rearrangements after cold storage are correlated with chilling Injury resistance of peach fruits. Frontiers in plant science, 7, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2016.01478.
Article Google Scholar
Ketsa, S., & Atantee, S. (1998). Phenolics, lignin, peroxidase activity and increased firmness of damaged pericarp of mangosteen fruit after impact. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 14(1), 117–124. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0925-5214(98)00026-X.
CAS Article Google Scholar
Kondo, S., Ponrod, W., Kanlayanarat, S., & Hirai, N. (2003). Relationship between ABA and chilling injury in mangosteen fruit treated with spermine. Plant Growth Regul, 39, 119–124. https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1023%2FA%3A1022521623721.pdf. Accessed 1 June 2018
Laohakunjit, N., Kerdchoechuen, O., Matta, F. B., Silva, J. L., & Holmes, W. E. (2007). Postharvest survey of volatile compounds in five tropical fruits using headspace-solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME). HortScience, 42(2), 309–314.
CAS Article Google Scholar
Lerslerwong, L., Rugkong, A., Imsabai, W., & Ketsa, S. (2013). The harvest period of mangosteen fruit can be extended by chemical control of ripening-A proof of concept study. Scientia Horticulturae, 157, 13–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2013.03.027.
CAS Article Google Scholar
Liu, J., Hu, X., Yu, J., Yang, A., & Liu, Y. (2017). Caffeoyl Shikimate Esterase has a role in endocarp lignification in Peach (Prunus persica L.) fruit. Horticultural Science Technology, 35(1), 59–68. https://doi.org/10.12972/kjhst.20170007.
CAS Article Google Scholar
MacLeod, A. J., & de Troconis, N. G. (1982). Volatile flavour components of cashew ‘apple’ (Anacardium occidentale). Phytochemistry, 21(10), 2527–2530. https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(82)85250-3.
CAS Article Google Scholar
Makhmudah Edris, I. (2010). Packaging Development to Support Export Supply Chain of Mangosteen Fruit. In Food, Health, and Trade. Thailand: International Conference on Agriculture and Agro-Industry 2010. Retrieved from http://repository.ipb.ac.id/bitstream/handle/123456789/53881/ICAAI 2010.pdf?sequence = 1&isAllowed = y. Accessed 11 January 2018
Manurakchinakorn, S., Chainarong, Y., & Sawatpadungkit, C. (2016). Quality of mangosteen juice colored with mangosteen pericarp. International Food Research Journal, 23(3), 1033–1039. Retrieved from http://www.ifrj.upm.edu.my/23(03)2016/(18).pdf Accessed 6 August 2018
Merchante, C., Vallarino, J. G., Osorio, S., Aragüez, I., Villarreal, N., Ariza, M. T., et al. (2013). Ethylene is involved in strawberry fruit ripening in an organ-specific manner. Journal of Experimental Botany, 64(14), 4421–4439. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/ert257.
CAS Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Moing, A., Aharoni, A., Biais, B., Rogachev, I., Meir, S., Brodsky, L., et al. (2011). Extensive metabolic cross-talk in melon fruit revealed by spatial and developmental combinatorial metabolomics. New Phytologist, 190(3), 683–696. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03626.x.
CAS Article PubMed Google Scholar
Mustafa, M. A., Ali, A., Seymour, G., & Tucker, G. (2018). Delayed pericarp hardening of cold stored mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) upon pre-treatment with the stress hormones methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid. Scientia Horticulturae, 230, 107–116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2017.11.017.
CAS Article Google Scholar
Noichinda, S., Bodhipadma, K., & Kong-In, S. (2017). Capillary water in pericarp enhances hypoxic condition during on-tree fruit maturation that induces lignification and triggers translucent flesh disorder in mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.). Journal of Food Quality, 2017, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/7428959.
CAS Article Google Scholar
Ongkunaruk, P., & Piyakarn, C. (2011). Logistics cost structure for mangosteen farmers in Thailand. Systems Engineering Procedia, 2, 40–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sepro.2011.10.006.
Article Google Scholar
Osorio, S., Alba, R., Damasceno, C. M., Lopez-Casado, G., Lohse, M., Inés Zanor, M., et al. (2011). Systems biology of tomato fruit development: combined transcript, protein, and metabolite analysis of tomato transcription factor (nor, rin) and ethylene receptor (Nr) mutants reveals novel regulatory interactions. Plant Physiology, 157, 405–425. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.111.175463.
CAS Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Osorio, S., Alba, R., Nikoloski, Z., Kochevenko, A., Fernie, A. R., & Giovannoni, J. (2012). Integrative comparative analyses of transcript and metabolite profiles from pepper and tomato ripening and development stages uncovers species-specific patterns of network regulatory behavior. Plant Physiology, 159(4), 1713–1729. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.112.199711.
CAS Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Osorio, S., Scossa, F., Fernie, A. R., Bennett, M., Giovannoni, J., & Seymour, G. (2013). Molecular regulation of fruit ripening. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2013.00198.
Article Google Scholar
Palapol, Y., Ketsa, S., Stevenson, D., Cooney, J. M., Allan, A. C., & Ferguson, I. B. (2009). Colour development and quality of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) fruit during ripening and after harvest. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 51(3), 349–353. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2008.08.003.
CAS Article Google Scholar
Pandey, V. P., Singh, S., Jaiswal, N., Awasthi, M., Pandey, B., & Dwivedi, U. N. (2013). Papaya fruit ripening: ROS metabolism, gene cloning, characterization and molecular docking of peroxidase. Journal of Molecular Catalysis. B, Enzymatic, 98, 98–105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcatb.2013.10.005.
CAS Article Google Scholar
Parijadi, A. A. R., Putri, S. P., Ridwani, S., Dwivany, F. M., & Fukusaki, E. (2018). Metabolic profiling of Garcinia mangostana mangosteen based on ripening stages. Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiosc.2017.08.013.
Article PubMed Google Scholar
Paul, V., Pandey, R., & Srivastava, G. C. (2012). The fading distinctions between classical patterns of ripening in climacteric and non-climacteric fruit and the ubiquity of ethylene-An overview. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 49(1), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-011-0293-4.
CAS Article PubMed Google Scholar
Paull, R. E., & Ketsa, S. (2002). Mangosteen. Agriculture Handbook No. 66. The commercial storage of fruits, vegetables, and florist and nursery stocks. America. Retrieved from http://www.ba.ars.usda.gov/hb66/mangosteen.pdf
Paull, R. E., & Ketsa, S. (2014). Mangosteen: Postharvest Quality-Maintenance Guidelines. Fruit, Nut, and Beverage Crops, 30–32.
Piriyavinit, P., Ketsa, S., & van Doorn, W. G. (2011). 1-MCP extends the storage and shelf life of mangosteen Garcinia mangostana L fruit. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 61(1), 15–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2011.02.007.
CAS Article Google Scholar
Pirrello, J. (2009). Regulation of tomato fruit ripening. CAB Reviews: Perspectives in Agriculture, Veterinary Science, Nutrition and Natural Resources, 4(051), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1079/PAVSNNR20094051.
CAS Article Google Scholar
Raghav, P. K., Agarwal, N., & Saini, M. (2016). Edible coating of fruits and vegetables: A review. International Journal of Scientific Research and Modern Education, 1(1), 2455–5630.
Google Scholar
Ren Yinzhe, Y. Y. (2013). Effect of chitosan coating on preserving character of post-harvest fruit and vegetable: A review. Journal of Food Processing & Technology, 04(08), 8–10. https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7110.1000254.
CAS Article Google Scholar
Schmidt, R., Kunkowska, A. B., & Schippers, J. H. M. (2016). Update on reactive oxygen species role of reactive oxygen species during cell expansion in leaves. Plant Physiology, 172, 2098–2106. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.16.00426.
CAS Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Tieman, D., Taylor, M., Schauer, N., Fernie, A. R., Hanson, A. D., & Klee, H. J. (2006). Tomato aromatic amino acid decarboxylases participate in synthesis of the flavor volatiles 2-phenylethanol and 2-phenylacetaldehyde. PNAS, 103(21), 8287–8292. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0602469103.
CAS Article PubMed Google Scholar
Tongdee, S.., & Suwanagul, A. (1989). Postharvest Mechanical Damage in Mangosteens. Asean Food Journal, 4(4), 151–155. Retrieved from http://www.thaiscience.info/Article for ThaiScience/Article/1/10015437.pdf. Accessed 17 January 2019
Tosetti, R., Tardelli, F., Tadiello, A., Zaffalon, V., Giorgi, F. M., Guidi, L., et al. (2014). Molecular and biochemical responses to wounding in mesocarp of ripe peach (Prunus persica L. Batsch) fruit. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 90, 40–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2013.12.001.
CAS Article Google Scholar
Trinh, T., Woon, W., Yu, B., Curran, P., & Liu, S.-Q. (2010). l-phenylalanine addition on aroma compound formation during longan juice fermentation by a co-culture of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Williopsis saturnus. South African Journal of Enology and Viticulture, 31(2), 116–124. Retrieved from http://www.sasev.org/journal-sajev/sajev-articles/volume-31-2/Trinhetalpp116to124pdf
Tsugawa, H., Tsujimoto, Y., Arita, M., Bamba, T., & Fukusaki, E. (2011). GC/MS based metabolomics: development of a data mining system for metabolite identification by using soft independent modeling of class analogy (SIMCA). BMC Bioinformatics, 12, 131. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-12-131.
CAS Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Valero, D., Díaz-Mula, H. M., Zapata, P. J., Guillén, F., Martínez-Romero, D., Castillo, S., et al. (2013). Effects of alginate edible coating on preserving fruit quality in four plum cultivars during postharvest storage. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 77, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2012.10.011.
CAS Article Google Scholar
Voss, D. H. (1992). Relating Colorimeter Measurement of Plant Color to the Royal Horticultural Society Colour Chart. Horticultural Sciences, 27(12), 1256–1260. Retrieved from http://hortsci.ashspublications.org/content/27/12/1256.full.pdf
Wang, K. L., Li, H., & Ecker, J. R. (2002). Ethylene biosynthesis and signaling networks. Plant Cell, 14(suppl 1), 131–152. https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.001768.S-.
Article Google Scholar
White, I. R., Blake, R. S., Taylor, A. J., & Monks, P. S. (2016). Metabolite profiling of the ripening of mangoes Mangifera indica L. cv. ‘Tommy Atkins’ by real-time measurement of volatile organic compounds. Metabolomics, 12(57), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11306-016-0973-1.
CAS Article Google Scholar
Yang, S., Su, X., Nagendra Prasad, K., Yang, B., Cheng, G., Chen, Y., et al. (2008). Oxidation and Peroxidation of Postharvest Banana Fruit during Softening. Pak. J. Bot, 40(5), 2023–2029. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/6bed/443e30c6621d7a93e8851bf16ebd7c7f3347.pdf. Accessed 31 January 2019
Yun, Z., Qu, H., Wang, H., Zhu, F., Zhang, Z., Duan, X., et al. (2015). Comparative transcriptome and metabolome provides new insights into the regulatory mechanisms of accelerated senescence in litchi fruit after cold storage. Scientific Reports, 6(19356), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep19356.
CAS Article Google Scholar
Zhang, M.-Y., Xue, C., Xu, L., Sun, H., Qin, M.-F., Zhang, S., et al. (2016). Distinct transcriptome profiles reveal gene expression patterns during fruit development and maturation in five main cultivated species of pear (Pyrus L.) OPEN. Nature Publishing Group. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep28130.
Article Google Scholar
Zou, J., Chen, J., Tang, N., Gao, Y., Hong, M., Wei, W., et al. (2017). Transcriptome analysis of aroma volatile metabolism change in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruit under different storage temperatures and 1 MCP treatment. Postharvest Biology and Technology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2017.08.017.
Article Google Scholar

Download references

Acknowledgement

The authors thank Mr. Awang, Mr. Baesuni, Mr. Sulaiman, and Mr. Endang from Center of Tropical Horticultural Studies for the samples. This study represents a portion of a dissertation submitted by Anjaritha A.R. Parijadi to Osaka University in partial fulfillment of requirements for her Ph.D.

Author information

Affiliations

Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
Anjaritha A. R. Parijadi, Sastia P. Putri & Eiichiro Fukusaki
Center of Tropical Horticultural Studies, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Jl. Raya Pajajaran, Bogor, 16144, Indonesia
Sobir Ridwani
School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha No. 10, Bandung, Jawa Barat, 40132, Indonesia
Fenny M. Dwivany & Sastia P. Putri

Authors

Anjaritha A. R. Parijadi
View author publications
You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar
Sobir Ridwani
View author publications
You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar
Fenny M. Dwivany
View author publications
You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar
Sastia P. Putri
View author publications
You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar
Eiichiro Fukusaki
View author publications
You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

AARP designed the study, performed the metabolome analysis and data analysis, and drafted the manuscript. SPP participated in the design of the study, coordination, and writing of the manuscript. SR advised the selection of postharvest treatment and participated in the design of the study. FMD aided in data interpretation and participated in the design of the study. EF conceived of the study and participated in its design and coordination. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sastia P. Putri.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Research involving human and animal participants

This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animal performed by any of the authors.

Informed consent

Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary material 1 (DOCX 8801 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and Permissions

About this article

Cite this article

R. Parijadi, A.A., Ridwani, S., Dwivany, F.M. et al. A metabolomics-based approach for the evaluation of off-tree ripening conditions and different postharvest treatments in mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana). Metabolomics 15, 73 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11306-019-1526-1

Download citation

Received: 05 December 2018
Accepted: 10 April 2019
Published: 03 May 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11306-019-1526-1

Keywords

Mangosteen
Garcinia mangostana
Postharvest technology
Metabolic profiling
Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry