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Genetic variability of introduced and local Spanish peach cultivars determined by SSR markers

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Abstract

A set of 94 peach cultivars including Spanish native peach and foreign commercial cultivars were analyzed using 15 SSR markers, selected for their high level of polymorphism. The number of alleles obtained varied from two to 11 with an average of 6.73 giving 185 different genotypes. All the cultivars showed a unique genetic profile, each one using different genotypic combination of all loci. BPPCT001 was the most informative locus showing also the highest discrimination power. Only six loci allowed the unambiguous separation of all the Spanish native cultivars studied, and the genotypic combination of only eight loci permitted the total differentiation of the 94 peach cultivars analyzed. The six selected loci (BPPCT001, BPPCT006, BPPCT008, PS9f8, UDP98-022, and UDP98-412) seem to be very useful for future Spanish peach identification works, and they will help to establish a molecular data base for native peach cultivars. UPGMA analysis was performed from the genetic distance matrix, and allowed the arrangement of all genotypes according to their genetic diversity. The genetic diversity among cultivars, observed in this work, led to their separation according to their regional origin, their morphological characteristics, and especially according to their fruit traits. Analysis of molecular variance was performed for seven populations from different regions of Spain and USA to examine the distribution of genetic variation of the studied accessions, showing that the major variation occurred within populations in each geographic site. The results reveal the existence of two diversity regions in Spain for peach germplasm.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by the Spanish MICINN (Ministry of Science and Innovation) projects AGL2005-05533 and AGL-2008-00283, cofunded by FEDER, INIA (Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, project RF2007-00026-C02-00) and the Regional Government of Aragon (A44). M. Bouhadida was supported by a fellowship from the AECI (Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional) of the Spanish Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and M.J. Gonzalo was the beneficiary of an I3P-PC2006 contract from the CSIC-FSE. We thank L.A. Inda for technical assistance with the bootstrap analysis.

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  1. Mariem Bouhadida

    Present address: Field Crops Laboratory, INRAT, Rue Hedi Karray, 2080, Ariana, Tunisia

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Pomología, Estación Experimental de Aula Dei, CSIC, Apartado 13034, 50080, Zaragoza, Spain

    Mariem Bouhadida, María Ángeles Moreno, María José Gonzalo & Yolanda Gogorcena

  2. Unidad de Fruticultura, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón, Avda. Montañana 930, 50059, Zaragoza, Spain

    José Manuel Alonso

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  1. Mariem Bouhadida
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Correspondence to Yolanda Gogorcena.

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Communicated by E. Dirlewanger

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Bouhadida, M., Moreno, M.Á., Gonzalo, M.J. et al. Genetic variability of introduced and local Spanish peach cultivars determined by SSR markers. Tree Genetics & Genomes 7, 257–270 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-010-0329-3

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