Abstract
Two populations (Pop) segregating quantitatively for resistance to downy mildew (DM), caused by Plasmopara viticola, were used to construct genetic maps and to carry out quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis. Pop1 comprised of 174 F1 individuals from a cross of ‘Moscato Bianco’, a susceptible Vitis vinifera cultivar, and a resistant individual of Vitis riparia. Pop2 consisted of 94 progeny from a cross of two interspecific hybrids, ‘VRH3082 1-42’ and ‘SK77 5/3’, with resistance traits inherited from Vitis rotundifolia and Vitis amurensis, respectively. Resistance of progeny was measured in field and greenhouse conditions by visual evaluation of disease symptoms on leaves. Linkage maps of 1037.2 and 651 cM were built essentially with simple sequence repeat markers and were enriched with gene-derived single-strand conformational polymorphism and single-nucleotide polymorphism markers. Simple interval mapping and Kruskall–Wallis analysis detected a stable QTL involved in field resistance to DM on linkage group (LG) 7 of the Pop1 integrated map co-localized with a putative Caffeoyl-CoA O-methyltransferase-derived marker. Additional QTLs were detected on LGs 8, 12 and 17. We were able to identify genetic factors correlated with resistance to P. viticola with lower statistical significance on LGs 1, 6 and 7 of the Pop2 map. Finally, no common QTLs were found between the two crosses analyzed. A search of the grapevine genome sequence revealed either homologues to non-host-, host- or defense-signalling genes within the QTL intervals. These positional candidate genes may provide new information about chromosomal regions hosting phenotypic loci.
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Acknowledgments
We are grateful to Silvia Lorenzi, Jessica Zambanini and Giuseppina Coppola for excellent technical assistance and to Federica Sevini for the EST–SSR characterization. We also thank Ilaria Pertot for her advice in Plasmopara viticola resistance phenotyping. This work was supported by the National Council of Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), Brasìlia/Brazil (Ph.D. fellowship awarded to F.M.M) and by funds from the Fondazione Cassa Di Risparmio Di Trento E Rovereto (Advanced Biology Project) and the Autonomous Province of Trento.
The author thanks the comments and suggestions of an anonymous reviewer, which critically contributed to improve the original version of this manuscript.
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Fig. S1
Distribution of the level of resistance to downy mildew in: A ‘Moscato Bianco’ x Vitis riparia mapping population, where F field, G greenhouse, D diameter of infection spot and S infected leaf surface; B ‘VRH3082 1-42’ x ‘SK77 5/3’ mapping population (DOC 334 kb)
Table S1
List of ESTs analysed as SSCP markers and putative function (XLS 18 kb)
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Moreira, F.M., Madini, A., Marino, R. et al. Genetic linkage maps of two interspecific grape crosses (Vitis spp.) used to localize quantitative trait loci for downy mildew resistance. Tree Genetics & Genomes 7, 153–167 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-010-0322-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-010-0322-x