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Enhanced hybridization rates in a Larix gmelinii var. japonica × L. kaempferi interspecific seed orchard with a single maternal clone revealed by cytoplasmic DNA markers

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Abstract

We identified diagnostic chloroplast DNA and mitochondrial DNA markers that can (a) discriminate between Larix gmelinii var. japonica and L. kaempferi, and (b) determine the maternal and paternal species of hybrids between them by exploiting the difference in inheritance mode between the two genomes. We also investigated the hybridization rates at a site with two types of interspecific seed orchard—a new type with rows of a single maternal clone of L. gmelinii var japonica among rows of L. kaemferi and a “traditional” type with multiple, intimately mixed clones—in 2 years using chloroplast diagnostic DNA markers. The average hybridization rates in the single maternal clone (SMC) interspecific seed orchards [84.2% (±9.4%) in 2004 and 94.1% (±3.9%) in 2005) were higher than that in the traditional interspecific seed orchards [15.9% (±13.4%) in 2004 and 30.0% (±25.5%) in 2005] because of the self-incompatibility of the L. gmelinii var. japonica clone. We detected significant differences in hybridization rates between the orchard types in both investigated years (P < 0.001, analysis of variance, ANOVA). This finding suggests that SMC interspecific seed orchards can reliably provide seeds with high proportions of hybrids. In the traditional interspecific seed orchard, there were significant differences in the proportions of hybrids among L. gmelinii var. japonica seeds between the two years (P < 0.005, ANOVA), which may have been partly due to differences in the relative amounts of pollen cones produced by L. gmelinii var. japonica and L. kaempferi.

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Acknowledgment

The authors thank the staff of the Hokkaido Regional Breeding Office, the Forest Tree Breeding Center, and the Eastern Abashiri Forestry Center, especially K. Takagaki and Y. Saito, for providing leaves and collecting seeds. We also thank N. Tomaru for providing the DNAs of natural populations of L. kaempferi, and Y. Taguchi, Y. Komatsu, and M. Koyano for their help in the laboratory experiments.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Forest Genetics, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8687, Japan

    Y. Moriguchi & Y. Tsumura

  2. Hokkaido Forestry Research Institute, Higashiyama, Kosyunai, Bibai, Hokkaido, 079-0198, Japan

    K. Kita, K. Uchiyama & M. Kuromaru

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  1. Y. Moriguchi
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  2. K. Kita
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  3. K. Uchiyama
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  4. M. Kuromaru
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  5. Y. Tsumura
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Correspondence to Y. Tsumura.

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Communicated by S. Aitken

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Moriguchi, Y., Kita, K., Uchiyama, K. et al. Enhanced hybridization rates in a Larix gmelinii var. japonica × L. kaempferi interspecific seed orchard with a single maternal clone revealed by cytoplasmic DNA markers. Tree Genetics & Genomes 4, 637–645 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-008-0139-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-008-0139-z

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