Abstract
Objectives
To investigate the radiopacity of three fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) materials using digital analysis to determine the mean gray values (MGVs) of the materials.
Methods
The FRC materials tested were everStick, Interling, and Ribbond. Five sample discs of 5-mm internal diameter and 2-mm depth were prepared for each group, and 2-mm-thick tooth slices were cut transversally from five freshly extracted, intact human molar teeth. All samples, including dentin discs, were exposed to a 99% pure aluminum (Al) step-wedge with five 2-mm incremental steps. The films were scanned, and on each image, a 50 × 50 pixel region of interest was selected at the center of each test sample and on each step of the step-wedge. The MGV of each sample and the Al step-wedges were measured by using the histogram function of the software. Then, the mean MGV of each sample was calculated. In total, 180 readings were analyzed with ANOVA and Tukey’s test. In all tests, α was set at 0.05.
Results
The differences among all test materials were statistically significant (p < 0.001). The radiopacities of everStick, Interling, and Ribbond were equal to that of 1.10, 0.87, and 0.65 mm Al, respectively. All materials were less radiopaque than 2-mm-thick Al and dentin.
Conclusions
It is known that the radiodensity of a resin-based restorative material should be higher than that of dentine and similar to or slightly greater than that of enamel. Unfortunately, none of the materials tested in the present study satisfied these requirements.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Barbero EJ. Introduction to composite material design. Ann Arbor: Taylor and Francis; 1998.
Ladizesky NH, Ho CF, Chow TW. Reinforcement of complete denture bases with continuous high-performance polyethylene fibers. J Prosthet Dent. 1992;68:934–9.
Malquarti G, Berruet RG, Bois D. Prosthetic use of carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy resin for esthetic crowns and fixed partial dentures. J Prosthet Dent. 1990;63:251–7.
Vallittu PK. A review of fiber-reinforced denture base resins. J Prosthodont. 1996;5:270–6.
Meiers JC, Freilich MA. Conservative anterior tooth replacement using fiber-reinforced composites. Oper Dent. 2000;25:239–43.
Vallittu PK. Compositional and weave pattern analyses of glass fibers in dental polymer fiber composites. J Prosthodont. 1998;7:170–6.
Rosentritt M, Furer C, Behr M, Lang R, Handel G. Comparison of in vitro fracture strength of metallic and tooth-coloured posts and cores. J Oral Rehabil. 2000;27:595–601.
Sewon LA, Ampula L, Vallittu PK. Rehabilitation of a periodontal patient with a rapidly progressing marginal alveolar bone loss: 1-year follow up. J Clin Periodontol. 2000;27:615–9.
Cohen BI, Pagnillo MK, Newman I, Musikant BL, Deutsch AS. Retention of a core material supported by the three post head designs. J Prosthet Dent. 2000;83:624–8.
Lassila LVJ, Tanner J, Le Belle AM, Narva K, Vallittu PK. Flexural properties of fiber-reinforced root canal posts. Dent Mater. 2004;20:29–36.
Le Belle AM, Lassila LVJ, Kangasniemi I, Vallittu PK. Bonding of fiber-reinforced composite post to root canal dentin. J Dent. 2005;33:533–9.
Henry PJ, Bishop BM, Purt RM. Fiber-reinforced plastics for interim restorations. Quintessence Dent Technol. 1990/1991;14:110–23.
Miller TE, Barrick JA. Pediatric trauma and polyethylene-reinforced composite fixed partial denture replacements: a new method. J Prosthet Dent. 1993;59:252–6.
Karaman AI, Kir N, Belli S. Four applications of reinforced polyethylene fiber materials in orthodontic practice. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2002;121:650–4.
Rantala LI, Lastumaki TM, Peltomaki T, Vallittu PK. Fatigue resistance of removable orthodontic appliance reinforced with glass fiber weave. J Oral Rehabil. 2003;30:501–6.
Sahafi A, Peutzfeld A, Asmussen E, Gotfredsen K. Bond strength of resin cement to dentin and to surface-treated posts of titanium alloy, glass fiber and zirconia. J Adhes Dent. 2003;5:153–62.
Purton DG, Payne JA. Comparison of carbon fiber and stainless steel root canal posts. Quintessence Int. 1996;27:93–7.
Lastumaki TM, Lassila LVJ, Vallittu PK. The semi-interpenetrating polymer network matrix of fiber-reinforced composite and its effects on the surface adhesive properties. J Mater Sci Mater Med. 2003;14:803–9.
Council on Dent Mater, Instruments, and Equipment. The desirability of using radiopaque plastics in dentistry: a status report. J Am Dent Assoc. 1981;102:347–9.
Rawls HR, Starr J, Kasten FH, Murray M, Smid J, Cabasso I. Radiopaque acrylic resins containing miscible heavy-metal compounds. Dent Mater. 1990;6:250–5.
Akerboom HBM, Kreulen CM, van Amerongen WE. Radiopacity of posterior composite resins, composite resin luting cements, and glass ionomer lining cements. J Prosthet Dent. 1993;70:351–5.
Tanner J, Robinson C, Söderling E, Vallittu P. Early plaque formation on fiber-reinforced composites in vivo. Clin Oral Investig. 2005;9:154–60.
American Dental Association Division of Science. Resin based composites. J Am Dent Assoc. 2003;134:510–2.
Hara AT, Serra MC, Haiter-Neto F, Rodrigues AL Jr. Radiopacity of esthetic restorative materials compared with human tooth structure. Am J Dent. 2001;14:383–6.
Sabbagh J, Vreven J, Leloup G. Radiopacity of resin-based materials measured in film radiographs and storage phosphor plate (Digora). Oper Dent. 2004;29:677–84.
Aoyagi Y, Takahashi H, Iwasaki N, Honda E, Kurabayashi T. Radiopacity of experimental composite resins containing radiopaque materials. Dent Mater. 2005;24:315–20.
Ibrahim H, El-Mowafy O, Brown JW. Radiopacity of nonmetallic root canal posts. Int J Prosthodont. 2006;19:101–2.
Soares CJ, Mitsui FH, Neto FH, Marchi GM, Martins LR. Radiodensity of seven root post systems. Am J Dent. 2005;18:57–60.
Finger WJ, Ahlstrand WM, Fritz UB. Radiopacity of fiber-reinforced resin posts. Am J Dent. 2002;15:81–4.
Fonseca RB, Branco CA, Soares PV, Correr-Sobrinho L, Haiter-Neto F, Fernandes-Neto AJ, Nakamura T, Tanaka H, Kawamura Y, Wakabayshi K. Translucency of glass fiber-reinforced composite materials. J Oral Rehabil. 2004;31:817–21.
Verpoest L, Desaeger J, Wevers M. Interfaces in polymer matrix composites. Makromol Sympos. 1993;75:73–84.
Murpy J. Reinforced plastics handbook. 2nd ed. Oxford: Elsevier Science; 1998.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Dündar, N., Kumbuloglu, O., Güneri, P. et al. Radiopacity of fiber-reinforced resins. Oral Radiol 27, 87–91 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11282-010-0057-2
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11282-010-0057-2