Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

A Survey Based Analysis to Study the Side Effects of Covid-19 Vaccination in Punjab (India)

  • Published:
Wireless Personal Communications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The COVID‐19 deadly disease cause momentous distress on physical and mental health on the citizens of various countries. The highly contagious nature of corona virus and its continuous mutating behavior is making the situation even worst. Almost all the countries have tried total lockdown strategies but still, it is spreading very quickly in some of the countries like India, USA, and Brazil. The developed countries like USA, Russia, and China show some ray of hope to the people across the world by bringing vaccination with high efficacy rate for this coronavirus disease. India too brought two vaccines viz; Covishield & Covaxin into its market and exported too. It has been seen that people start experiencing the side effects after getting vaccinated. The fear of side effects from the vaccine among the public is somehow creating problems for the Government to get its countrymen vaccinated quickly. In this chapter, a survey based attempt to analyze the effect of vaccine has been carried out on the population who got vaccinated with first/second dose of these two vaccines. An attempt has been made to create awareness about the side effects of this vaccine. SPSS software is used for the statistical analysis of the obtained data.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16
Fig. 17
Fig. 18
Fig. 19

Similar content being viewed by others

Data Availability

The datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study are available in the [https://www.covid19india.org/] repository.

Code Availability

None.

References

  1. Shereen, M. A., Khan, S., Kazmi, A., Bashir, N., & Siddique, R. (2020). COVID-19 infection: Origin, transmission, and characteristics of human coronaviruses. Journal of Advanced Research., 24, 91–98.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Shretta, R., Hupert, N., Osewe, P., & White, L. J. (2021). Vaccinating the world against COVID-19: Getting the delivery right is the greatest challenge. BMJ Global Health, 6, e005273.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Williamson, P. R., Altman, D. G., & Blazeby, J. M. (2012). Developing core outcome sets for clinical trials: Issues to consider. Trials, 13, 132.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Vorsey, M. (2020). Safety and efficacy of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (AZD1222) against SARS-CoV-2: An interim analysis of four randomised controlled trials in Brazil, South Africa, and the UK. Lancet, 397(99–111), 14.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Mahase, E. (2020). Covid-19: Oxford vaccine could be 59% effective against asymptomatic infections, analysis shows. The BMJ, 371, m4777.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Prompetchara, E., Ketloy, C., & Palaga, T. (2020). Immune responses in COVID-19 and potential vaccines: Lessons learned from SARS and MERS epidemic. Asian Pacific Journal of Allergy and Immunology., 38(1), 1–9.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Liu, Z., Shi, O., Yan, Q., Fang, Q., Zuo, J., & Chen, Y. (2018). Changing Epidemiological Patterns of HIV and AIDS in China in the Post-SARS Era identified by the Nationwide Surveillance System. BMC Infectious Diseases., 18(1), 700.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Polack, F. P. (2020). Safety and efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 vaccine. The New England Journal of Medicine, 383(27), 2603–2615.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Menni, C. (2021). Vaccine side-effects and SARS-CoV-2 infection after vaccination in users of the COVID Symptom Study app in the UK: A prospective observational study. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 3099(21), 52.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Beatty, A. L., Peyser, N. D., & Butcher, X. E. (2021). Analysis of COVID-19 vaccine type and adverse effects following vaccination. JAMA Network Open., 4(12), 24.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Al, K., Aga, Q. A., Alkhaffaf, W. H., & Hatem, T. H. (2021). Safety of COVID-19 vaccines. Journal of Medical Virology., 93(12), 6588–6594.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Chen, J., Cai, Y., Chen, Y., Williams, A. P., Gao, Y., & Zeng, J. (2021). Nervous and muscular adverse events after covid-19 vaccination: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials. Vaccines., 9(8), 939.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Dhamanti, I., Suwantika, A. A., Adlia, A., Yamini, L. N., & Yakub, F. (2023). Adverse reactions of COVID-19 vaccines: A scoping review of observational studeis. Interational Journal of General Medicine., 16, 609–618.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Wang, H., Paulson, K. R., & Pease, S. A. (2022). Estimating excess mortality due to the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic analysis of COVID-19- related mortality. Lancet, 399, 1513–1536.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Hogan, A. B., Winskill, P., & Watson, O. J. (2021). Within-country age-based prioritisation, global allocation, and public health impact of a vaccine against SARS-CoV-2: A mathematical modelling analysis. Vaccine., 39, 2995–3006.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Huang, C. (2020). Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan. China. Lancet., 6736(20), 30183–30185.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Jeong, S., Hong, S., & Oh, T. (2022). Analysis of older adults visiting the emergency department with fever as a suspected Covid-19 vaccine-related adverse reaction: A retrospective multicenter study. Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy., 28(8), 1159–1164.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Kumar, R., Pandey, A., Geleta, R., Sinwar, D., & Dhaka, V. S. (2021). Study of social and geographical factors affecting the spread of COVID-19 in Ethiopia. Journal of Statistics and Management Systems., 24(1), 99–113.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Rabail, R., Ahmed, W., & Ilyas, M. (2022). The side effects and adverse clinical cases reported after COVID-19 Immunization. Vaccines., 10(4), 1–25.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Kadali, R. A. K., Janagama, R., Peruru, S., & Malayala, S. V. (2021). Side effects of BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine: A randomized, cross-sectional study with detailed self-reported symptoms from healthcare workers. International Journal of Infectious Diseases., 106, 376–381.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Pormohammad, A., Zarei, M., & Ghorbani, S. (2021). Efficacy and safety of covid-19 vaccines: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Vaccines., 9(5), 467.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Liu, J. Y., Chen, T. J., & Hou, M. C. (2021). Does COVID-19 vaccination cause excess deaths? Journal of the Chinese Medical Association., 84(9), 811–812.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Liu, Y., & Ye, Q. (2022). Safety and efficacy of the common vaccines against COVID-19. Vaccines., 10(4), 513.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Ay, M. O., Erenler, A. K. A. Y. O. O., Kaya, H., Yuskel, M., & Kekec, Z. (2021). A scientometric analysis of COVID-19 vaccine publications. World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews., 09(03), 138–147.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Paltiel, A. D., Schwartz, J. L., Zheng, A., & Walensky, R. P. (2021). Clinical outcomes of a COVID-19 vaccine: Implementation over efficacy. Health Affairs., 40(1), 42–52.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Mahase, E. (2020). Covid-19: Pfizer vaccine efficacy was 52% after first dose and 95% after second dose, paper shows. The BMJ, 371, m4826.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Marshall, J. C. (2020). A minimal common outcome measure set for COVID-19 clinical research. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 20, e192–e197.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Voysey, M., Clemens, S. A. C., & Madhi, S. A. (2021). Single-dose administration and the influence of the timing of the booster dose on immunogenicity and efficacy of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) vaccine: A pooled analysis of four randomised trials. Lancet, 397, 881–891.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. WHO. (2020). Fair allocation mechanism for COVID-19 vaccines through the COVAX facility. Geneva.

  30. You, X. (2021). HIV incidence and sexual behavioural correlates among 4578 men who have sex with men (MSM) in Chengdu, China: A retrospective cohort study. BMC Public Health, 21(802), 1–9.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Funding

No Funding has been received for this work.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mathematics, Dev Samaj College for Women, Ferozepur, Punjab, India

    Nishant Juneja

  2. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Shaheed Bhagat Singh State University, Ferozepur, Punjab, India

    Amit Grover

  3. Department of Chemistry, Dev Samaj College for Women, Ferozepur, Punjab, India

    Harleen Kaur

  4. Department of Engineering and Technology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Regional Campus, Gurdaspur, Punjab, India

    Anu Sheetal

Authors
  1. Nishant Juneja
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Amit Grover
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Harleen Kaur
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Anu Sheetal
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Amit Grover.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

Authors declare no conflict of interests.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Juneja, N., Grover, A., Kaur, H. et al. A Survey Based Analysis to Study the Side Effects of Covid-19 Vaccination in Punjab (India). Wireless Pers Commun 132, 1347–1363 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-023-10665-0

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-023-10665-0

Keywords

Search

Navigation