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SBLDAR: A Link Score Based Delay Aware Routing for WSNs

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Abstract

The Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is one of the emerging competences to have possible appliance on wide varieties including investigating about the nature of surroundings, elegant places, therapeutic system, and study of robots. Energy is efficient in deliberation of essential invent for WSN. In WSNs, packet loss may occur due to network congestion, packet collision, bad link quality, buffer overflow, and low energy levels. Retransmitting the lost packets again requires more energy consumption and delay. Ensuring data reliability and maintaining minimum delay with improving energy efficiency are challenging issues in a resource-constrained sensor networks. The variation of link quality and other node status impacts the end-to-end delay of the sensor nodes in the network. On the other hand, the sensor nodes have energy limitations and it is a great concern to extend the network lifetime. To deal with these issues, a novel and simple routing mechanism SCORE BASED LINK DELAY AWARE ROUTING (SBLDAR) is proposed. The proposed SBLDAR protocol selects the appropriate forwarder nodes by enhancing the forwarder node selection method using multiple parameters such as residual energy, distance, delay, Received Signal Strength Indicator, remaining delivery ratio and the Expected Transmission Count of the nodes. Based on the aforementioned parameters the protocol estimate and assign a score for every sensor nodes. The score is a factor describes the stability of the sensor node. The high score of the node denotes the high stability of the node. The proposed SBLDAR protocol implemented in NS2 simulation and compared it with existing protocols MPCBHM, QTSAC, RBDCEER, AdvMMAC and DEEHCB. From the simulation evaluations, we found that SBLDAR is able to achieve an improved network lifetime over the current protocols while maintaining the average data transmission delay. In the simulation, the SBLDAR achieved almost 75% more throughput and saved 60% of total consumed energy compared with compared protocols. In addition, the proposed SBLDAR protocol eliminated 40% of transmission delay when compared with MPCBHM, QTSAC methods and 85% of transmission delay compared with RBDCEER, AdvMMAC and DEEHCB methods.

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Data Availability

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Code Availability

The code is available with corresponding Author.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of ECE, GSSSIETW, VTU, Mysuru, Karnataka, India

    Y. M. Raghavendra

  2. Department of ECE, SJCE, JSSSTU, Mysuru, Karnataka, India

    U. B. Mahadevaswamy

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  1. Y. M. Raghavendra
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Raghavendra, Y.M., Mahadevaswamy, U.B. SBLDAR: A Link Score Based Delay Aware Routing for WSNs. Wireless Pers Commun 132, 629–650 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-023-10627-6

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