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\(\tt F_{K-means}RA\): Fuzzy K-Means Clustering Routing Algorithm for Load Balancing in Wireless Sensor Networks

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Abstract

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are resource constrained networks with sensors not only gathering data from surroundings but also acting as a relay for forwarding the data received from the previous layers. This gradually increases the data load on the subsequent nodes as the data progresses towards the sink (Base Station) and results in what is called as “energy hole” problem; where a sensor node is completely drained off and hence the network breakdown takes place. Several load balancing schemes have been proposed to increase the network lifetime. With this objective in mind, this paper presents a novel fuzzy logic based K-means clustering routing protocol \(\tt F_{K-{\text {means}}}RA\) that handles the rotation of cluster heads (CHs) using fuzzy logic with K-means clustering in a random environment. Simulation has been carried out against the well known low-energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH) protocol with metrics viz. alive nodes, dead nodes, average residual energy, throughput and its observed that results of FK−meansRA outperform the LEACH protocol.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India

    Idris Afzal Shah & Mushtaq Ahmed

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  1. Idris Afzal Shah
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  2. Mushtaq Ahmed
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Correspondence to Idris Afzal Shah.

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Shah, I.A., Ahmed, M. \(\tt F_{K-means}RA\): Fuzzy K-Means Clustering Routing Algorithm for Load Balancing in Wireless Sensor Networks. Wireless Pers Commun 130, 1071–1083 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-023-10320-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-023-10320-8

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