Skip to main content
Log in

Evaluation of Physical Layer Security for UAV-Enabled Wireless Networks over \(\alpha -\kappa -\mu \) Fading Channels

  • Published:
Wireless Personal Communications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-enabled wireless systems are expected for widespread communication applications in future-generation networks because of their flexible deployment and on-demand mobility. This paper considers a UAV-supported system on a generalized environment \(\alpha -\kappa -\mu \) with arbitrary fading parameters. In an environment, such a system is vulnerable to security threats due to its broadcast nature and the dominant channel of visibility conditions occurring within the system. Thus, the physical layer security of the system is investigated against key secret performance metrics including secure outage probability (SOP), intercept probability, strictly positive secrecy capacity (SPSC), and ergodic secrecy capacity (ESC). In this paper, the derivatives of closed-form expressions of SOP, SPSC and ESC are determined, and the security performance of the system is compared in different fading environments.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8

Similar content being viewed by others

Data Availability

Enquiries about data availability should be directed to the authors.

References

  1. Tran, H. Q. (2022). Two energy harvesting protocols for SWIPT at UAVs in cooperative relaying networks of IoT systems. Wireless Personal Communications, 122(4), 3719–3740.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Cheng, F., Gui, G., Zhao, N., Chen, Y., Tang, J., & Sari, H. (2019). UAV-relaying-assisted secure transmission with caching. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 67(5), 3140–3153.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Zhao, N., Cheng, F., Yu, F. R., Tang, J., Chen, Y., Gui, G., & Sari, H. (2018). Caching UAV assisted secure transmission in hyper-dense networks based on interference alignment. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 66(5), 2281–2294.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Cheng, F., Zhang, S., Li, Z., Chen, Y., Zhao, N., Yu, F. R., & Leung, V. C. M. (2018). UAV trajectory optimization for data offloading at the edge of multiple cells. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 67(7), 6732–6736.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Al Homssi, B., & Al-Hourani, A. (2022). Optimal beamwidth and altitude for maximal uplink coverage in satellite networks. IEEE Wireless Communications Letter, 11(4), 771–775.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Al-Hourani, A. (2020). On the probability of line-of-sight in urban environments. IEEE Wireless Communications Letter, 9(8), 1178–1181.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Juel, N. H., et al. (2021). Secrecy performance analysis of mixed \(\alpha - \mu \) and exponentiated weibull RF-FSO cooperative relaying system. IEEE Access, 9, 72342–72356.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Ben Issaid, C., Alouini, M.-S., & Tempone, R. (2018). On the fast and precise evaluation of the outage probability of diversity receivers over \(\alpha - \mu \), \(\kappa - \mu \), and \(\eta - \mu \) fading channels,. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 17(2), 1255–1268.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Bhargav, N., Cotton, S. L., & Simmons, D. E. (2016). Secrecy capacity analysis over \(\kappa - \mu \) fading channels: theory and applications. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 64(7), 3011–3024.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Lei, H., Ansari, I. S., Pan, G., Alomair, B., & Alouini, M. S. (2017). Secrecy capacity analysis over \(\alpha - \mu \) fading channels. IEEE Communications Letters, 21(6), 1445–1448.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Moualeu, J. M., & Hamouda, W. (2017). On the secrecy performance analysis of SIMO systems over \(\kappa - \mu \) fading channels. IEEE Communications Letters, 21(11), 2544–2547.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Moualeu, J. M., & Hamouda, W. (2018). Secrecy performance analysis over mixed \(\alpha - \mu \) and \(\kappa - \mu \) fading channels. In IEEE wireless communications and networking conference (WCNC) (pp. 1–6).

  13. Lei, H., Ansari, I. S., Pan, G., Alomair, B., & Alouini, M. (2017). Secrecy capacity analysis over \(\alpha - \mu \) fading channels. IEEE Communications Letters, 21(6), 1445–1448.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Sharma, P. K., & Kim, D. I. (2017). UAV-enabled downlink wireless system with non-orthogonal multiple access. In Proceedings on IEEE Globecom Workshops (GC Wkshps), Singapore (pp. 1–6).

  15. Singh, R., Rawat, M., & Yaacoub, E. (2022). On physical layer security of double shadowed rician fading channels. Wireless Personal Communications, 124(3), 2299–2312.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Moualeu, J. M., da Costa, D. B., Hamouda, W., Dias Ugo, S., & de Souza, R. A. A. (2019). Physical layer security over \(\alpha - \kappa - \mu \) and \(\alpha - \eta - \mu \) fading channels. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 68(1), 1025–1029.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Gradshteyn, I. S., & Ryzhik, I. M. (2000). Table of integrals, series and products (6th ed.). Academic Press.

  18. Chen, J., Yang, L., & Alouini, M.-S. (2018). Physical layer security for cooperative NOMA systems. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 67(5), 4645–4649.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Neumark, S. (1965). Solution of cubic and quartic equations. Pergamon Press.

  20. Wang, H., Jiang, J., Huang, G., Wang, W., Deng, D., Elhalawany, B. M., & Li, X. (2022). Physical layer security of Two-Way ambient backscatter communication systems. Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, 2022.

  21. Liu, X. (2013). Probability of strictly positive secrecy capacity of the rician-rician fading channel. IEEE Wireless Communications Letters, 2(1), 50–53.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Chu, S.-I. (2019). Secrecy analysis of modify-and-forward relaying with relay selection. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 68(2), 1796–1809.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Wang, L., Elkashlan, M., Huang, J., Schober, R., & Mallik, R. K. (2014). Secure transmission with antenna selection in MIMO Nakagami-m fading channels. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 13(11), 6054–6067.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Khanh, N. T. V., & Nguyen, T. T. (2021). Joint design of beamforming and antenna selection in short blocklength regime for URLLC in cognitive radio networks. IEEE Access, 9, 144676–144686.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Cheng, Y., Li, K. H., Liu, Y., Teh, K. C., & Poor, H. V. (2020). Downlink and uplink intelligent reflecting surface aided networks: NOMA and OMA. Preprint arXiv:2005.00996.

  26. Fraidenraich, G., & Yacoub, M. D. (2006). The \(\alpha - \eta - \mu \) and \(\alpha - \kappa - \mu \) fading distributions. In Proceedings on 9th IEEE ISSTA ’06 (pp. 16–20), Manaus -Amazon, Brazil, 28–31 Aug.

Download references

Funding

No funding was received for this manuscript.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Contributions

SQN conceived of the presented idea and C-BL developed the model and performed the compilation. All authors discussed the results and contributed to the final manuscript

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sang Quang Nguyen.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Le, CB., Nguyen, S.Q. Evaluation of Physical Layer Security for UAV-Enabled Wireless Networks over \(\alpha -\kappa -\mu \) Fading Channels. Wireless Pers Commun 128, 1671–1687 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-022-10014-7

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-022-10014-7

Keywords

Navigation