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A Cross Layered Routing Approach for Civil AANET

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Abstract

The thirst for internet access in moving aircraft grows rapidly by air passengers as human’s daily activities rely on digital dependency. Currently, in-flight Wi-Fi is provided by satellite-based and cellular-based systems, where the line-of-sight problem, lack of ground infrastructure, high cost, and long delay negatively affect the internet connectivity. To alleviate these demerits associated with the existing systems, the Aeronautical Ad hoc Network (AANET) has been developed as a complementary system. Internet of Things is being realized over the sky with the aid of AANET, whereby the moving flights can share their live information to the corresponding ground stations while they move across oceanic or remote areas. Establishing IoT in AANET for civil aviation systems has a great challenge in providing reliable and efficient data delivery between flight and ground stations due to their unique characteristics. This paper proposes Cross-layered Multi-Channel Automatic Dependent Surveillance based Load Sharing Routing algorithm to improve the performance of civil AANET. The ever-increasing need for proper utilization of available bandwidth is a key factor to introduce multi-channel operation in this work. Instead of allocating channels before acquiring routes, this work attempts to couple the process of packet routing followed by channel assignment to improve the network routing performance by increasing the ratio of successful packet delivery, reducing the overall delay and traffic overhead through a cross-layered approach. The primary aim of the proposed work is to enhance the load balancing, bandwidth utilization and to reduce the delay associated with the queuing of the AANET systems. The simulation setup is carried out by using QualNet 5.2 simulator and the experimental results have been obtained for packet delivery ratio, end-to-end delay, Traffic overhead in various scenarios. The result shows that the proposed work outperforms the existing routing methods.

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Data Availability

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Code Availability

The codes generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge UGC, New Delhi for providing financial support to carry out this research work under Rajiv Gandhi National Fellowship Scheme. One of the authors T. Gurumekala is thankful to UGC, New Delhi for the award Rajiv Gandhi National Fellowship.

Funding

This work was supported by Rajiv Gandhi National Fellowship Scheme (Grant No.: 201718-RGNF-2017-18-SC-TAM-31869), University Grants Commission, New Delhi, India.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electronics Engineering, MIT-Campus, Anna University, Chennai, India

    T. Gurumekala & S. Indira Gandhi

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  1. T. Gurumekala
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  2. S. Indira Gandhi
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. TG and Dr. SIG performed material preparation, data collection and analysis. The first draft of the manuscript was written by TG and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to T. Gurumekala.

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Gurumekala, T., Indira Gandhi, S. A Cross Layered Routing Approach for Civil AANET. Wireless Pers Commun 125, 619–635 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-022-09568-3

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