Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Design and Validation of Wearable Smartphone Based Wireless Cardiac Activity Monitoring Sensor

  • Published:
Wireless Personal Communications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Due to technological advancements in electronics industry, wireless sensors in conjunction with mobile phones can be used anytime anywhere for ubiquitous healthcare applications. This paper presents the design and implementation of convenient and efficient method to display the visualization of real time ECG signal transmitted wirelessly using developed ECG sensor on smartphone. The proposed light weight, wearable and affordable system can be used by patients having persistent heart diseases for preliminary self-recognition. The sensor output is analyzed by calculating percentage error for R–R interval of acquired ECG waveform and heart rate using DALE technologies ECG simulator by setting it at 30, 60, 120 and 240 beats per minute (bpm). Sensor shows 100 % accuracy in heart rate validation at 30 and 60 bpm alongwith 99.8 % and 98.8 % accuracy at 120 and 240 bpm respectively. For R–R interval evaluation, it shows 100 % accuracy at 30 and 60 bpm whereas at 120 and 240 bpm accuracy remains at 98.00 % and 96.048 %. Clinical validation has been performed by comparing traces of developed prototype ECG sensor with Recorders and Medicare Systems commercial multilead ECG machine. It shows that the acquired QRS peak of developed ECG sensor is clear and of high quality with no visible noise superimposed on the ECG signal when compared with commercial multilead ECG machine.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Puska, P., & Smith, S. C. (2017). State of heart cardiovascular disease report. World Heart Federation (pp 1–26). Switzerland.

  2. Bedarkar, P. T., & Swamy, S. (2013). Design and implementation of wireless handheld device for Android cell phone. In the Proceedings of the Conference on Advances in Communication and Control Systems, Dehradun, India (pp. 284–289).

  3. Smart phone OS market share. IDC analyze the future. (2017). Accessed 22 August 2019. http://www.idc.com/prodserv/smartphone-os-market-share.jsp.

  4. Parks Associates. (2018). More than 40 million smart phone. owners actively use atleast one wellness and fitness app. Accessed 10 September 2019. http://www.marketwired.com/press-release/parks-associates-more-than-40-million-smartphone-owners-actively-use-least-one-wellness-1988275.htm..

  5. Singh, M., & Jain, N. (2015). Design and validation of android based wireless integrated device for ubiquitous health monitoring. Wireless Personal Communications, 84(4), 3157–3170.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Singh, M., & Jain, N. (2016). Performance and evaluation of Smartphone based wireless blood pressure monitoring system using Bluetooth. IEEE Sensors Journal, 16(23), 8322–8328.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Al-Khafajiy, M., Baker, T., Chalmers, C., Asim, M., Kolivand, H., Fahim, M., & Waraich, A. (2019). Remote health monitoring of elderly through wearable sensors. Multimedia Tools and Applications, 78(17), 24681–24706.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Lee, S. Y., Hong, J. H., Hsieh, C. H., Liang, M. C., Chien, S. Y. C., & Lin, K. H. (2014). Low-power wireless ECG acquisition and classification system for body sensor networks. IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics, 19(1), 236–246.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Wan, J., Al-awlaqi, M. A., Li, M., O’Grady, M., Gu, X., Wang, J., & Cao, N. (2018). Wearable IoT enabled real-time health monitoring system. EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking, 2018(1), 298.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Gogate, U., & Bakal, J. (2018). Healthcare monitoring system based on wireless sensor network for cardiac patients. Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal, 11(3), 1681–1689.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Raeiatibanadkooki, M., Quachani, S. R., Khalilzade, M., & Bahaadinbeigy, K. (2014). Real time processing and transferring ECG signal by a mobile phone. Acta Informatica Medica, 22(6), 389–392.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Ahammed, S. S., & Pillai, B. C. (2013). Design of Wi-Fi based mobile Electrocardiogram monitoring system on concerto platform. Procedia Engineering, 64, 65–73.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Rachim, V. P., & Chung, W. Y. (2016). Wearable noncontact armband for mobile ECG monitoring system. IEEE transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems, 10(6), 1112–1118.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Spano, E., Di Pascoli, S., & Lannaccone, G. (2016). Low-power wearable ECG monitoring system for multiple-patient remote monitoring. IEEE Sensors Journal, 16(13), 5452–5462.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Mahmud, M. S., Wang, H., Esfar-E-Alam, A. M., & Fang, H. (2017). A wireless health monitoring system using mobile phone accessories. IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 4(6), 2009–2018.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Jeon, B., Lee, J., & Choi, J. (2013). Design and implementation of a wearable ECG system. International Journal of Smart Home, 7(2), 61–69.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Lerdwuttiaugoon, K., & Naiyanetr, P. 2014, November. Wireless Electrocardiogram monitoring using mobile network communication. In 2014 IEEE International Conference on Biomedical Engineering. (pp. 1–4). IEEE.

  18. AliveCor Kardia Mobile ECG for iPhone and Android Free Express Post. (2019). http://www.alivetec.com/store/. Accessed 10 October 2019.

  19. Alive Bluetooth heart and cardiac monitor. (2019). http://www.alivetec.com/alive-bluetooth-heart-activity-monitor/. Accessed 10 October 2019.

  20. Shimmer3 ECG Unit. (2018). Available: http://www.shimmersensing.com/shop/shimmer3-ecg-unit. Accessed 13 November 2019.

  21. Yu, B., Xu, L., & Li, Y. (2012). Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) based mobile electrocardiogram monitoring system. In 2012 IEEE International Conference on Information and Automation (pp. 763–767). IEEE.

  22. Yu, B., Xu, L., & Li, Y. (2012). June. Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) based mobile electrocardiogram monitoring system. In 2012 IEEE International Conference on Information and Automation (pp. 763–767). IEEE.

  23. Mena, L. J., Felix, V. G., Ochoa, A., Ostos, R., Gonzalez, E., Aspuru, J., Velarde, P., & Maestre, G. E. (2018). Mobile personal health monitoring for automated classification of electrocardiogram signals in elderly. Computational and mathematical methods in medicine. doi:https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/9128054.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. De Lucena, S. E., Sampaio, D. J., Mall, B., Meyer, M., Burkart, M. A., & Keller, F. V. (2015). ECG monitoring using Android mobile phone and Bluetooth. In 2015 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC) Proceedings (pp. 1976–1980). IEEE.

  25. Wang, L. H., Chen, T. Y., Lin, K. H., Fang, Q., & Lee, S. Y. (2014). Implementation of a wireless ECG acquisition SoC for IEEE 802.15. 4 (ZigBee) applications. IEEE journal of biomedical and health informatics, 19(1), 47–255.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Zhang, J., Chan, S. C., Li, H., Wu, H. C., Wu, J., & Wang, L. (2016). A flexible and miniaturized wireless ECG recording system with metal-skin contacts input for wearable personalized healthcare. In 2016 IEEE International Conference on Digital Signal Processing (DSP) (pp. 318–321). IEEE.

Download references

Funding

No funds, grants, or other support was received.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electronics and Embedded Computing Division, Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (A Scientific Society of the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology, Govt. of India), Mohali, Punjab, 160071, India

    Mandeep Singh & Jaspal Singh

  2. Department of Cyber Security and Technology Division, Centre for Development of Advanced Computing, Mohali, Punjab, 160071, India

    Gurmohan Singh

  3. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Yadavindra College of Engineering, Talwandi Saboo, Punjab, 151302, India

    Yadwinder Kumar

Authors
  1. Mandeep Singh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Gurmohan Singh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Jaspal Singh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Yadwinder Kumar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mandeep Singh.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of Interest

The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare that are relevant to the content of this article.

Additional information

Publisher’s note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Singh, M., Singh, G., Singh, J. et al. Design and Validation of Wearable Smartphone Based Wireless Cardiac Activity Monitoring Sensor. Wireless Pers Commun 119, 441–457 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-021-08219-3

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-021-08219-3

Keywords

Search

Navigation