1 Retraction Note to: Wireless Pers Commun (2017) 97:3645–3671 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-017-4690-5

The Editor-in-Chief has retracted this article [1] because it shows significant overlap with previously published articles [2,3]. This article is therefore redundant. None of the authors agree to this retraction.

  1. 1.

    Arain, Q.A., Deng, Z., Memon, I. et al. Wireless Pers Commun (2017) 97: 3645. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-017-4690-5

  2. 2.

    Memon, I., Ali, Q., Zubedi, A. et al. Multimed Tools Appl (2017) 76: 24359. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-016-4154-z

  3. 3.

    Arain, Q.A., Deng, Z., Memon, I. et al. China Communications (2017) 14(4): 89. https://doi.org/10.1109/CC.2017.7927579