Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

A Hierarchical Multipath Routing Protocol in Clustered Wireless Sensor Networks

  • Published:
Wireless Personal Communications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) usually consist of many tiny sensor nodes and a Sink; despite the great variety of their applications, they are faced with many problems like limited resources, low Quality of Service such as low reliability and fault tolerance, low throughput, low scalability and insecure operational environments. It significantly degrades their overall performance. One significant solution against mentioning problems is multipath routing; but, existing multipath routing protocols have weaknesses like high overhead and resources’ severe consumed, low accuracy, security vulnerabilities, low scalability and permanent usage of optimal paths. As a result, this paper proposes a hierarchical multipath routing protocol for homogeneous and clustered WSNs, called HMR-WSN. Finally, its performance is compared with the performance of HMR-LEACH routing protocol; results of algorithmic-complexity and statistical-simulation analyses show HMR-WSN is improved in terms of energy consumption, the average rate of packet delivery, throughput and accuracy. But, its performance is proportionally degraded in terms of average of route setup time, routing overhead and computational simplicity.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Yick, J., Mukherjee, B., & Ghosal, D. (2008). Wireless sensor network survey. Elsevier’s Computer Networks Journal, 52, 2292–2330.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Sha, K., Gehlot, J., & Greve, R. (2013). Multipath routing techniques in wireless sensor networks: A survey. Wireless Personal Communications: An International Journal, 70(2), 807–829.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Radi, M., Dezfouli, B., Abu Bakar, K., & Lee, M. (2012). Multipath routing in wireless sensor networks: Survey and research challenges. MDPI Sensors Journal, 12(1), 650–685.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Jayashree, A., Biradar, G. S., & Mytri, V. D. (2012). Review of multipath routing protocols in wireless multimedia sensor network: A survey. International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, 3(7), 1–9.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Chen, Y., Chan, E., & Han, S. (2005). Energy efficient multipath routing in large scale sensor networks with multiple sink nodes. Advanced Parallel Processing Technologies, 37, 390–399.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Huang, X., & Fang, Y. (2007). Multi-constrained QoS multipath routing in wireless sensor networks. Journal of Wireless Networks, 14(4), 465–478.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  7. Lu, Y. M., & Wong, V. W. S. (2007). An energy-efficient multipath routing protocol for wireless sensor networks. International Journal of Communication Systems, 20(7), 747–766.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Teo, J. Y., Ha, Y., & Tham, C. (2008). Interfrence-minimized multipath routing with congestion control in wireless sensor network for high-rate streaming. IEEE Transaction of Mobile Computing, 7(9), 1124–1137.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Han, S., Zhong, Z., & Li, H. (2008). Coding-aware multi-path routing in multi-hop wireless networks. In IEEE International Conference on Performance, Computing and Communications Conference (IPCCC), pp. 93–100.

  10. Bagula, A., & Mazandu, K. (2008). Energy constrained multipath routing in wireless sensor networks. In Proceeding of the 5th International Conference on Ubiquitous Intelligence and Computing, pp. 453–467.

  11. Maimour, M. (2008). Maximally radio-disjoint multipath routing for wireless multimedia sensor networks. In Proceedings of the 4th ACM Workshop on Wireless Multimedia Networking and Performance Modeling, pp. 26–31.

  12. Saleem, K., Fisal, N., Hafizah, S., Kamilah, S., & Rashid, R. A. (2009). A self-optimized multipath routing protocol for wireless sensor networks. International Journal of Recent Trends in Engineering, 2(1), 93–97.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Wang, X., Che, C., & Li, L. (2010). Reliable multi-path routing protocol in wireless sensor networks. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Computing, Applications and Technologies, pp. 289–294.

  14. Yang, J., Xu, M., Zhao, W., & Xu, B. (2010). A multipath routing protocol based on clustering and ant colony optimization for wireless sensor networks. MDPI Sensors Journal, 10(5), 4521–4540.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Othman, B. J., & Yahya, B. (2010). Energy efficient and QoS based routing protocol for wireless sensor networks. Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing, 70, 849–857.

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  16. Almalkawi, I. T., Zapata, M. G., & Al-Karaki, J. N. (2011). A secure cluster-based multipath routing protocol for wmsns. MDPI Sensors Journal, 11(4), 4401–4424.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Pratheema, S., Srinivasagan, K. G., & Naskath, J. (2011). Minimizing end-to-end delay using multipath routing in wireless sensor networks. International Journal of Computer Applications, 21(5), 20–26.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Vinod Kumar, R., & Wahida Banu, R. S. D. (2012). E2AODV protocol for load balancing in ad-hoc networks. Journal of Computer Science, 8(7), 1198–1204.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Jadidoleslamy, H. (2013). An introduction to various basic concepts of clustering techniques on wireless sensor networks. International Journal of Mobile Network Communications & Telematics, 3(1), 1–17.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Abbasi, A. A., & Younis, M. (2007). A survey on clustering algorithms for wireless sensor networks. Computer Communications, 30, 2826–2841.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Jin, Y., Wang, L., Kim, Y., & Yang, X. (2008). EEMC: An energy-efficient multi-level clustering algorithm for large-scale wireless sensor networks. Computer Networks Journal, 52, 542–562.

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  22. Duan, C., & Fan, H. (2007). A distributed energy balance clustering protocol for heterogeneous wireless sensor networks. In International Conference of Wireless Communications, Networking and Mobile Computing (WiCom), pp. 2469–2473.

  23. Liu, G., & Wei, C. (2011). A new multi-path routing protocol based on cluster for underwater acoustic sensor networks. In IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Technology (ICMT); pp. 91–94.

  24. Heinzelman, W.R., Chandrakasan, A., & Balakrishnan, H. (2000). Energy-efficient communication protocol for wireless micro-sensor networks. In Proceedings of the 33rd IEEE Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Information Technology Engineering Group, Department of Technical and Engineering, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran

    Hossein Jadidoleslamy

Authors
  1. Hossein Jadidoleslamy
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hossein Jadidoleslamy.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Jadidoleslamy, H. A Hierarchical Multipath Routing Protocol in Clustered Wireless Sensor Networks. Wireless Pers Commun 96, 4217–4236 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-017-4382-1

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-017-4382-1

Keywords

Search

Navigation