Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Multicasting with selective delivery: a SafetyNet for vertical handoffs

  • Published:
Wireless Personal Communications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In the future, mobility support will require handling roaming in heterogeneous access networks. In order to enable seamless roaming it is necessary to minimize the impact of the vertical handoffs. Localized mobility management schemes such as Fast Handovers for Mobile IPv6 (FMIPv6) and Hierarchical Mobile IPv6 do not provide sufficient handoff performance, since they have been designed for horizontal handoffs. In this paper, we propose the SafetyNet protocol, which allows a Mobile Node to perform seamless vertical handoffs. Further, we propose the SafetyNet handoff timing algorithm, to enable a Mobile Node to delay or even completely avoid upward vertical handoffs. We implement the SafetyNet protocol and compare its performance with the FMIPv6 protocol in our wireless test bed and analyze the results. The experimental results indicate that the proposed SafetyNet protocol can provide an improvement of up to 95% for TCP performance in vertical handoffs, when compared with FMIPv6 and an improvement of 64% over FMIPv6 with bicasting. We use numerical analysis of the protocol to show that its over the air signaling and data transmission overhead is comparable to FMIPv6 and significantly smaller than that of FMIPv6 with bicasting.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Bhaskara, G., & Helmy, A. (2004). TCP over micro-mobility protocols: Systematic ripple effect analysis. In Proceedings of IEEE vehicular technology Conference (VTC), Vol. 5, pp. 3095–3099.

  2. Campbell, A., Gomez, J., Kim, S., & Wan, C. (2002). Comparison of ip micro-mobility protocols. IEEE Wireless Communications, 9(1), pp. 72–82.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Chakravorty, P., Vidales, K., Subramanian, I., Pratt, J., & Crowcroft, J. (2004). Performance Issues with vertical handovers–experiences from GPRS cellular and WLAN hot-spots integration. In Proceedings of the second IEEE annual conference on pervasive computing and communications, pp. 155–164.

  4. fmipv6.org implementation of FMIPv6, http://www. fmipv6.org

  5. Guo, Q., Zhu, J., & Xu, X. (2005). An adaptive multi-criteria vertical handoff decision algorithm for radio heterogeneous network. In Proceedings of ICC 2005, Vol. 4, pp. 2769–2773.

  6. Hsieh, R., & Seneviratne, A. (2003) A comparison for improving mobile IP handoff latency for end-to-end TCP. In Proceedings of mobicom ’03: the 9th annual international conference of mobile computing and networking, San Diego, USA, pp. 29–41.

  7. Katz, R. H. & Brewer, E. A. (1994). The case for wireless overlay networks. SPIE Multimedia and Networking Conference (MMNC’96), San Jose, CA, Jan. 29–30.

  8. Kent, S., & Atkinson, R. (1998) IP authentication header. RFC 2402, Internet Engineering Taskforce.

  9. Koodli, R.(Ed.). (2005) Fast handovers for mobile IPv6. RFC 4068, Internet Engineering Taskforce.

  10. Lee C.W., et al. (2005). A framework of handoffs in wireless overlay networks based on mobile IPv6. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 23(11): 2118–2128

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Malki, K., & Soliman, H. (2002). Simultaneous bindings for mobile IPv6 fast handoffs. draft-elmalki-mobileip-bicasting-v6-06.txt, Internet Engineering Task Force, Work in Progress.

  12. McNair J., Zhu F. (2004). Vertical handoffs in fourth-generation multinetwork environments. Wireless Communications 11(3): 8–15

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Mohanty S., Akyildiz I.F. (2006). A cross-layer (Layer 2 + 3) handoff management protocol for next-generation wireless systems. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing 5(10): 1347–1360

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Petander, H. (2006). Bicasting with buffering and selective delivery for fast handovers for mobile IPv6. draft-petander-mipshop-fmipv6-bbsd-00.txt, Internet Engineering Task Force, Work in Progress.

  15. Soliman, H., Castelluccia, C., El-Malki, K., & Bellier, L. (2002). Hierarchical mipv6 mobility management. draft-ietf-mipshop-hmipv6-04.txt, Internet Engineering Task Force.

  16. Petander, H. (2006). Optimizing localized mobility management for make-before-break handoffs. In. Proceedings of the NEWCOM-ACoRN Joint Workshop, Vienna, Austria, Sept 20–22.

  17. Vidales P., et al. (2005). Autonomic system for mobility support in 4G networks. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 23(12): 2288–2304

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Zhang Q., et al. (2003). Efficient mobility management for vertical handoff between WWAN and WLAN. IEEE Communications Magazine 41(11): 102–108

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. National ICT Australia, Australian Technology Park, Eveleigh, NSW, Australia

    Henrik Petander, Eranga Perera & Aruna Seneviratne

  2. Department of Computer Science, Helsinki University of Technology, 02015, Espoo, Finland

    Henrik Petander

  3. Department of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia

    Eranga Perera

Authors
  1. Henrik Petander
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Eranga Perera
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Aruna Seneviratne
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Henrik Petander.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Petander, H., Perera, E. & Seneviratne, A. Multicasting with selective delivery: a SafetyNet for vertical handoffs. Wireless Pers Commun 43, 945–958 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-007-9258-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-007-9258-3

Keywords

Search

Navigation