Skip to main content
Log in

Capacity and Error Probability for Maximal Ratio Combining Reception over Correlated Nakagami Fading Channels

  • Published:
Wireless Personal Communications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this paper, the capacity and error probability of maximal ratio combining (MRC) reception are considered for different modulation schemes over correlated Nakagami fading channels. Based on an equivalent scalar additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel, we derive the characteristic function (CF) and the probability density function (PDF) of the signal to noise ratio for MRC reception over Nakagami fading channels. Using these CF and PDF results, closed form error probability and capacity expressions are obtained for PSK, PAM and QAM modulation.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. W.C. Lindsey, “Error Probability for Rician Fading Multichannel Reception of Binary and $N$-ary Signals”, IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, Vol. 10, No. 4, pp. 339–350, Oct. 1964.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. T. Staley, R. North, J. Luo, W. Ku, and J. Zeidler, “Performance Evaluation for Multichannel Reception of Coherent MPSK Over Slowly Fading Frequency Selective Fading Channels”, IEEE Trans. Vehic. Technol., Vol. 50, No. 4, pp. 877–894, July 2001.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. T. Staley, R. North, J. Luo, W. Ku, and J. Zeidler, “Error Probability Performance Prediction for Multichannel Reception of Linearly Modulated Coherent Systems on Fading Channels”, IEEE Trans. Commun., Vol. 50, No. 9, pp. 1423–1428, Sept. 2002.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. M.-S. Alouini and A.J. Goldsmith, “A Unified Approach for Calculating Error Rates of Linearly-Modulated Signals over Generalized Fading Channels”, IEEE. Trans. Commun., Vol. 47, No. 9, pp. 1324–1334, Sept. 1999.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. P. Lombardo, G. Fedele, and M.M. Rao, “MRC Performance for Binary Signals in Nakagami Fading with General Branch Correlation”, IEEE Trans. Commun., Vol. 47, No. 1, pp. 44–52, Jan. 1999.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. M. Kang and M.-S. Alouini, “Performance Analysis of MIMO MRC Systems over Rician Fading Channels”, in Proc. IEEE Vehic. Tech. Conf., pp. 869–873, Sept. 2002.

  7. M.Z. Win and J.H. Winters, “Virtual Branch Analysis of Symbol Error Probability for Hybrid Selection/Maximal-Ratio Combining in Rayleigh Fading”, IEEE Trans. Commun., Vol. 49, No. 11, pp. 1926–1934, Nov. 2001.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. H. Zhang and T.A. Gulliver, “Capacity and Error Probability Analysis for Space-Time Block Codes over Fading Channels”, IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., Vol. 4, No. 2, pp. 808–819, March 2005.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. E. Baccarelli, “Evaluation of the Reliable Data Rates Supported by Multiple-Antenna Coded Wireless Links for QAM Transmissions”, IEEE J. Select. Areas Commun., Vol. 19, No. 2, pp. 295–304, Feb. 2001.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. N.L. Johnson and S. Lotz, Distribution in Statistics: Continuous Multivariate Distributions, New York, NY: Wiley, 1972.

    Google Scholar 

  11. A.V. Oppenheim, A.S. Willsky, and S.H. Nawab, Signals and Systems, Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  12. G.J. Foschini and M.J. Gans, “On Limits of Wireless Communications in a Fading Environment When Using Multiple Antennas”, Wireless Personal Commun., Vol. 6, No. 3, pp. 311–335, March 1998.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. G. Ungerboeck, “Channel Coding with Multilevel/Phase Signals”, IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp. 55–67, Jan. 1982.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  14. E. Baccarelli and A. Fasano, “Some Simple Bounds on the Symmetric Capacity and Outage Probability for QAM Wireless Channels with Rice and Nakagami Fadings”, IEEE J. Select. Areas Commun., Vol. 18, No. 3, pp. 361–368, March 2000.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. J.G. Proakis, Digital Communications, 4th Ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  16. M. Shayesteh and A. Aghamohammadi, “On the Error Probability of Linearly Modulated Signals on Frequency-Flat Ricean, Rayleigh, and AWGN Channels”, IEEE Trans. Commun., Vol. 43, Nos. 2–4, pp. 1454–1466, Feb./Mar./Apr. 1995.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. J. Salz and J. H. Winters, “Effect of Fading Correlation on Adaptive Arrays in Digital Mobile Radio”, IEEE Trans. Vehic. Technol., Vol. 43, No. 4, pp. 1049–1057, Nov. 1994.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Wei Li.

Additional information

Wei Li received his Ph.D. degree in Electrical and Computer Engineering from the University of Victoria in 2004. He is now a Post-doctoral Research Fellow in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Victoria. He is a Member of the IEEE. His research interests include ultra-wideband system, spread spectrum communications, diversity for wireless communications, and cellular communication systems.

Hao Zhang was born in Jiangsu, China, in 1975. He received his Bachelor Degree in Telecom Engineering and Industrial Management from Shanghai Jiaotong University, China in 1994, his MBA from New York Institute of Technology, USA in 2001, and his Ph.D. in Electrical and Computer Engineering from the University of Victoria, Canada in 2004. His research interests include ultra-wideband radio systems, MIMO wireless systems, and spectrum communications. From 1994 to 1997, he was the Assistant President of ICO(China) Global Communication Company. He was the Founder and CEO of Beijing Parco Co., Ltd. from 1998 to 2000. In 2000, he joined Microsoft Canada as a Software Engineer, and was Chief Engineer at Dream Access Information Technology, Canada from 2001 to 2002. He is currently an Adjunct Assistant Professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Victoria.

T. Aaron Gulliver received the Ph.D. degree in Electrical and Computer Engineering from the University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada in 1989. From 1989 to 1991 he was employed as a Defence Scientist at Defence Research Establishment Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. He has held academic positions at Carleton University, Ottawa, and the University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand. He joined the University of Victoria in 1999 and is a Professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering. He is a Senior Member of the IEEE and a member of the Association of Professional Engineers of Ontario, Canada. In 2002, he became a Fellow of the Engineering Institute of Canada. His research interests include information theory and communication theory, algebraic coding theory, cryptography, construction of optimal codes, turbo codes, spread spectrum communications, space-time coding and ultra wideband communications.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Li, W., Zhang, H. & Gulliver, T.A. Capacity and Error Probability for Maximal Ratio Combining Reception over Correlated Nakagami Fading Channels. Wireless Pers Commun 37, 73–89 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-006-0377-z

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-006-0377-z

Keywords

Navigation