Abstract
Rhodobacter sphaeroides is a purple non-sulfur photosynthetic bacteria that participates in the anoxic cycling of carbon both as the primary producer and as the light-stimulated consumers of the reduced organic compounds. In this study, six different organic acids, i.e. acetate, lactate, oxaloacetate, malate, succinate, and citrate, were selected and used to analyze the relationships between the organic acid source and the cell growth. The C4 compound exhibited an enhanced cell growth compared to the other organic acids, and the growth rate of R. sphaeroides that was grown with 0.03 M succinic acid was significantly 3.2-fold faster than the C6 compound of 0.03 M citrate. Additionally, the cell growth of R. sphaeroides was enhanced with increasing light intensity, and the growth rate and the dry cell weight of R.sphaeroides that were grown under the light conditions of 15 W/m2 were 2.0- and 1.2-fold higher than R. sphaeroides at 3 W/m2. Therefore, the high light intensity probably affected the growth of R. sphaeroides. Moreover, the blue-colored light emitting diode (LED) exhibited a highest growth rate and cell concentration of R. sphaeroides among the various types of LEDs, and the enhanced cell growth phenomenon under the blue LED conditions was dramatically stimulated at low concentrations of succinic acid, which was compensatory for succinic acid. Therefore, a high light intensity and a blue LED as the light source were necessary for the enhanced cell growth for the C4 organic acid, i.e. succinic acid.
References
Akiba T, Usami R, Horikoshi K (1983) Rhodopseudomonas rutila, a new species of nonsulfur purple photosynthetic bacteria. Int J Syst Bacteiol 33:551–556
Gibson J (1975) Uptake of C4 dicarboxylates and pyruvate by Rhodopseudomonas spheroides. J Bacteriol 123:471–480
Horne I, McEwan AG (1998) Dimethylsulfoxide enhance phototrophic growth of Rhodobacter sphaeroides in blue light. FEMS Microbiol Lett 168:283–288
Katsuda T, Lababpour A, Shimahara K, Katoh S (2004) Astaxanthin production by Haematococccus pluvialis under illumination with LEDs. Enzyme Microb Technol 35:81–86
Kim MK, Choi KM, Yin CR, Lee KY, Im WT, Lim JH, Lee ST (2004) Odorous swine wastewater treatment by purple non-sulfur bacteria, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, isolated from eutrophicated ponds. Microbiol Lett 26:819–822
Marrs B, Stahl CL, Lien S, Gest H (1972) Biochemical physiology of a respiration-deficient mutant of the photosynthetic bacterium Rhodopseudomonas capsulate. Pro Nat Acad Sci 69:916–920
Melnicki BR, Bianchi L, Philippis RD, Melis A (2008) Hydrogen production during stationary phase in purple photosynthetic bacteria. Int J Hydrogen Energy 33:6525–6534
Packer HL, Armitage JP (2000) Behavioral responses of Rhodobacter sphaeroides to linear gradients of the nutrients succinate and acetate. Appl Environ Microbiol 66:5186–5191
Sistrom WR (1962) The kinetics of the synthesis of photopigments in Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroieds. J Gen Microbiol 28:607–616
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea Grant funded by the Korean Government (MEST) (NRF-2009-0093183). The authors are grateful for their support.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Lee, H.J., Park, JY., Han, CH. et al. Blue LED and succinic acid enhance the growth of Rhodobacter sphaeroides . World J Microbiol Biotechnol 27, 189–192 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-010-0434-3
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-010-0434-3