Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) pollution in aqueous solution has caused great threat to human health. A novel chitosan and biochar supported sulfide-modified nZVI composite (CB-S-nZVI) was synthesized by liquid phase reduction method and applied to the removal of Cd2+ from wastewater. The synthesized materials were characterized by SEM, BET, XRD, FTIR, and zeta potential. Batch experiments showed that the optimum synthesis conditions of CB-S-nZVI were the S/Fe molar ratio of 0.56 and the Fe/BC mass ratio of 2. The removal capacity of Cd2+ by CB-S-nZVI increased with the increase of pH and reached the maximum of 249.92 mg/g at pH of 9. Among the competitive cations, Pb2+ and Cu2+ had a strong inhibition to the removal of Cd2+. The removal process of Cd2+ conformed to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Freundlich model, and it was exothermic. XPS analysis suggested that the removal mechanism of Cd2+ was mainly through electrostatic attraction, precipitation, and complexation. Overall, these findings provide new insights into the development of new nZVI-modified material, and CB-S-nZVI is promising in removing heavy metals from wastewater.
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Data Availability
The authors declare that the data supporting the findings of this study are available within the paper and its Supplementary Information files. Should any raw data files be needed in another format, they are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Abbreviations
- CB-S-nZVI:
-
Chitosan and biochar supported sulfide-modified nZVI composite
- nZVI:
-
Nano-zero-valent iron
- BC:
-
Biochar
- SEM:
-
Scanning electron microscopy
- BET:
-
Brunauer-Emmett-Teller
- XRD:
-
X-ray diffraction
- FTIR:
-
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
- XPS:
-
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
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Acknowledgements
The authors sincerely thank Dr. Huang Chao for providing guidance on the characterization of the synthetic materials in this study.
Funding
This work was financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (No. 2023JJ31011), the Natural Science Foundation of Changsha City (No. kq2202276), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51608208), the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (No. 2019JJ51005), the Key Research and Development Program of Hunan Province (No. 2019SK2191), the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (No. 2020JJ5984), and the Scientific Innovation Fund for Graduate of Central South University of Forestry and Technology (CX20192010).
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YL: conceptualization, methodology, formal analysis, funding acquisition, and writing—review and editing. XX: conceptualization and formal analysis. XH: conceptualization, formal analysis, and funding acquisition. YC, HX, MG, and HH: data curation, investigation, and methodology. CT: conceptualization, formal analysis, funding acquisition, writing—review and editing, and supervision. XH: funding acquisition and resources.
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Li, Y., Xu, X., Hu, X. et al. Study on the Performance and Mechanism of S-nZVI Loaded with Chitosan and Biochar to Efficiently Remove Cd2+ from Wastewater. Water Air Soil Pollut 235, 88 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-024-06907-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-024-06907-x