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Influence of Oxyranylmethanol as a Catalytic Cross-linking Agent over Physiochemical Properties and Pb (II) Adsorption Performance of Resorcinol Formaldehyde Aerogels: a Comparative Study

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Abstract

In this study, the influence of oxyranylmethanol over physiochemical properties and Pb (II) adsorption potential of RF aerogels was investigated. Three variants of RF aerogels were catalyzed with 1 mL (RF-1), 2 mL (RF-2), and 3 mL (RF-3) of oxyranylmethanol respectively. The color of the aerogels changed from light orange, dark orange, and reddish brown as the catalyst concentration increased from 1 to 3 mL. Similarly, higher catalyst concentration resulted in higher surface area, pore volume, and porosity; however, the pore size and density decreased. The best morphological and structural properties were indicated by the sample (RF-3) that was catalyzed with 3 mL of oxyranylmethanol with surface area of 290 m2/g, pore volume of 0.7 cm3/g, pore size of 4.8 nm, and density of 90 mg/cm3 respectively. The synthesized oxyranylmethanol catalyzed RF aerogels were investigated for Pb (II) adsorption from synthetic solutions. As per results, RF-3 indicated highest removal % than RF-2 and RF-1 with maximum adsorption capacity (Qm) of 210 mg/g. On the other hand, RF-2 indicated second highest removal with Qm of 153 mg/g followed by RF-1 with Qm of 112 mg/g respectively. When compared with 15 relevant studies that used other agents as catalysts/functionalizing agents for aerogel synthesis, RF-3 indicated the second highest maximum adsorption capacity (Qm). Overall, the present investigation confirmed that the higher catalyst concentration (oxyranylmethanol) in RF aerogel promotes higher degree of polymerization between R and F; hence, results in lower density, higher surface area, higher pore volume, smaller pore size, and enhanced Pb (II) adsorption from synthetic wastewater.

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The data presented in this manuscript is available with the corresponding author and can be provided on reasonable request.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Quaid-E-Awam University of Engineering, Science and Technology, Nawabshah, Pakistan

    Faheem Akhter

  2. Materials Engineering Department, NED University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi, Pakistan

    Abdul Rauf Jamali

  3. DUBO Polymer Co., Ltd, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China

    Jawad Ahmed

  4. Energy and Environment Engineering Department, Quaid-E-Awam University of Engineering, Science and Technology, Nawabshah, Pakistan

    Haris Jawad Arain & Muhammad Junaid Ahsan

  5. Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Sufism and Modern Sciences, Bhitshah, Sindh, Pakistan

    Muhammad Naeem Akhtar

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  1. Faheem Akhter
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  2. Abdul Rauf Jamali
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  3. Jawad Ahmed
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  4. Haris Jawad Arain
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  5. Muhammad Junaid Ahsan
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  6. Muhammad Naeem Akhtar
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Contributions

Faheem Akhter, Abdul Rauf Jamali, Jawad Ahmed: introduction, materials and methods; Faheem Akhter, Haris Jawad Arain, Muhammad Junaid Ahsan, Muhammad Naeem Akhtar: results and discussion, discussion, conclusion.

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Correspondence to Muhammad Naeem Akhtar.

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Akhter, F., Jamali, A.R., Ahmed, J. et al. Influence of Oxyranylmethanol as a Catalytic Cross-linking Agent over Physiochemical Properties and Pb (II) Adsorption Performance of Resorcinol Formaldehyde Aerogels: a Comparative Study. Water Air Soil Pollut 234, 769 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-023-06777-9

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