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Functional Microbial Communities Involved in As(III) Oxidation Coupled with Nitrate Reduction in a Paddy Soil

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Abstract

Arsenite (As(III)) oxidation coupled with nitrate (NO3−) reduction is thermodynamically favored and experimentally tested. However, little is known about the functional bacteria responsible for this coupling process in flooded paddy soil. In this study, three microcosms containing paddy soil amended with 1) As(III) + NO3−, 2) As(III), and 3) NO3− were set up to investigate the coupled processes of As(III) oxidation and NO3− reduction and to characterize the associated functional bacteria. The results showed that As(III) was completely oxidized in the Soil + As(III) + NO3− treatment, while no As(III) oxidation was observed with As(III) amendment. NO3− reduction was observed in both the Soil + As(III) + NO3− and Soil + NO3− treatments, where nitrite (NO2−) was the major product. In the Soil + As(III) + NO3− treatment, the 16S rRNA-based dominant genera were Vogesella, Dechloromonas, and Pseudogulbenkiania; the aoxB-based dominant arsenite-oxidizers included Cupriavidus and Acidovorax; and the narG-based dominant nitrate reducers (NO3− → NO2−) were Dechloromonas and Pseudogulbenkiania. Comparison of the aoxB and narG gene markers at 90% similarity indicated a higher diversity of aoxB than narG gene markers based on α-diversity indices in the As(III) + NO3− treatment. In addition, although the dominant arsenite-oxidizing bacteria Cupriavidus and Acidovorax had a lower relative abundance in paddy soil, they played an important role in As(III) oxidation. The findings of this study provide a better understanding of the functional microbial communities involved in As(III) oxidation coupled with NO3− reduction in anoxic paddy soil.

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Data Availability

The data that support the findings of this study are not openly available and are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Funding

This work is supported by the GDAS Special Project of Science and Technology Development (2020GDASYL-20200103053), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41907130), the Special Topic on Basic and Applied Basic Research of Guangzhou (SL2022A04J01591), Research and Development Program in Key Areas of Guangdong Province (2020B1111530002), and GDAS' Project of Science and Technology Development (2022GDASZH-2022030604).

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  1. Institute of Nanfan & Seed Industry, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China

    Shuang Li & Yinglin Lu

  2. College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China

    Jianjun Chen & Jian Ma

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Shuang Li and Yinlin Lu: conceived the presented idea. Shuang Li, Jianjun Chen, and Jian Ma contributed to the writing and prepared the figures and tables.

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Li, S., Chen, J., Ma, J. et al. Functional Microbial Communities Involved in As(III) Oxidation Coupled with Nitrate Reduction in a Paddy Soil. Water Air Soil Pollut 234, 598 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-023-06616-x

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