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Developmental Toxicity and Cardiotoxicity Induced by PFOS and its Novel Alternative OBS in Early Life Stage of Zebrafish (Danio rerio)

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Abstract

As a novel alternative to perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), sodium p-perfluorous nonenoxybenzene sulfonate (OBS) has been widely applied in many industrial fields. However, there is limited information about its adverse effects on aquatic organisms. In this study, the developmental and cardiac toxicity of OBS and PFOS in early life stage of zebrafish (Danio rerio) were investigated. Results showed that 96 h-LC50 values of OBS and PFOS were 23.81 and 57.59 mg/L, respectively. Exposure to OBS and PFOS could lead to significantly inhibition of the hatching rate and embryo development. OBS and PFOS with concentrations higher than 5 mg/L induced significant malformations, such as pericardial edema and yolk sac edema. Furthermore, both OBS and PFOS exposure decreased the heart rate, stroke volume and cardiac output, indicating that the cardiac function of zebrafish was affected. Exposure to OBS and PFOS also caused oxidative stress in zebrafish embryos, resulting in significant decreases of SOD, CAT and GSH, and significant increase of the MDA content. The oxidative stress may consequently induce the cardiotoxicity by altering the expression of heart development related genes, nkx2.5, tbx5, gata4 and myh6. In summary, the results revealed that OBS and PFOS exposure could induce the developmental toxicity and cardiotoxicity in early life stage of zebrafish, and OBS might not be a safety alternative to PFOS.

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Data Availability

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (42177267 and 51908409).

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  1. College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, China

    Dan Yang, Xiaohui Li, Shasha Dong, Xiaohui Zhao, Xiaoying Li, Meng Zhang, Yawei Shi & Guanghui Ding

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  1. Dan Yang
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  2. Xiaohui Li
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Yang, D., Li, X., Dong, S. et al. Developmental Toxicity and Cardiotoxicity Induced by PFOS and its Novel Alternative OBS in Early Life Stage of Zebrafish (Danio rerio). Water Air Soil Pollut 234, 481 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-023-06512-4

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