Abstract
Effluents containing reactive dyes are globally generated in significant quantities as result of dyeing process applied to cellulosic fibers, frequently exhibiting elevates levels of dyes and inorganic salts. These textile effluents pose a substantial environmental concern due to their potential to induce eutrophication, impede photosynthesis, and even possess carcinogenic proprieties. This research endeavor aimed to address the treatment of intricate bichromatic effluents derived from an industrial dyeing process, which encompassed reactive dyes such as blue 19 (B-19), red 198 (R-198), and yellow 15 (Y-15) using two bio-based adsorbents: (1) yeast waste obtained from the ethanol industry after β-glucan removal from yeast biomass (YW), and (2) a nanomagnetic composite produced with YW and magnetite nanoparticles (YW-MNP). The concentrations of dyes in each binary mixture were quantified through the utilization of UV–Vis spectrophotometry and multivariate calibration, both prior and following the adsorption process. To evaluated the predictive capability partial least squares (PLS) and multivariate linear regression with variable selection via a successive projection algorithm (SPA-MLR), were employed, with PLS demonstrating the best predictive capacity. Langmuir isotherms yielded the best fit for YW and YW-MNP, respectively. Generally, YW exhibited higher dye removal compared to YW-MNP, attaining a maximum of 32% dye removal for bichromatic effluents under the physical–chemical conditions characteristic of effluent production.
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The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
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Acknowledgements
The authors are grateful to FAPESP financial support (2016/06271-4 and 2020/14419-7), Biorigin Company (São Paulo, Brazil), NESPEQUI (Chemical Speciation Laboratory, Unifesp), NIPE (Núcleo de Instrumentação para Pesquisa e Ensino, Unifesp), LENCA (Laboratório de Engenharia e Controle Ambiental, Unifesp), SENAI (Serviço Nacional de Aprendizagem Industrial).
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The source of funding for the research was reported in the acknowledgments item. The funding source did not play a role in the design of the study and in the collection, analysis and interpretation of data and in the writing of the manuscript. The financial support for the research process was mentioned in the acknowledgment item.
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Kátia C.H. Bezerra: preparation of textile effluents, writing the text, conducting experiments
Jacqueline R. Nascimento: conducting the experiments, processing the data and preparing the original figures.
Tiago D. Martins: treatment and discussion of adsorption kinetics data, writing—review and editing
Sherlan G. Lemos: chemometrisc analysis and discussions, writing—review and editing
Elma N.V.M. Carrilho: writing—review and editing
Christiane de A. Rodrigues: resources, writing—review and editing
Geórgia Labuto: conception and design of experimental work, resources, formal analysis, writing—original draft, writing—review and editing
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Bezerra, K.C.H., Nascimento, J.R., Martins, T.D. et al. Removal of Reactive Dyes from a Real Bichromatic Textile Effluent Employing Bio-Based Nanomagnetic Adsorbents. Water Air Soil Pollut 234, 438 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-023-06425-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-023-06425-2