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Modern Advancement in Biotechnological Applications for Wastewater Treatment through Microalgae: a Review

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Abstract

Microalgae are microscopic organisms that have a broad range of applications, from wastewater treatment, CO2 mitigation to therapeutic proteins, and pharmaceuticals. Recently, the combination of wastewater treatment-based microalgae and the use of the obtained biomass as biofertilizers/stimulants/pesticides have been highly emphasized for their use in the agriculture field. Biofertilizers are a need of today’s agriculture practices due to the increasing demand for food to feed a hungry planet while avoiding chemical contamination by the over-application of synthetic fertilizers. There is a constant need for modern techniques for the use of microalgae in a sustainable manner to harness their products to their full extent. Various types of bioreactors are available on the market, each with its own advantages and disadvantages, which, based on their efficiency, can be used for microalgae cultivation. This review aims at reporting recent developments in microalgae biotechnology, especially related to CO2 mitigation, wastewater purification, biofuel, feedstock, future food, therapeutic proteins, pharmaceuticals, and biofertilizers, highlighting some of the current research in this field and future development priorities.

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Acknowledgements

The authors expressed their gratitude to GD Goenka University for the support and infrastructure provided to the RD.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, India

    Shubham Goyal

  2. Department of Basic and Applied Sciences, School of Engineering and Sciences, GD Goenka University, Gurugram, India

    Raunak Dhanker

  3. Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Touseef Hussain

  4. Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agriculture Research Institute, New Delhi, India

    Touseef Hussain

  5. LNEG, National Laboratory of Energy and Geology I.P./Bioenergy Unit, Estrada Do Paço Do Lumiar 22, 1649-038, Lisbon, Portugal

    Alice Ferreira & Luisa Gouveia

  6. GreenCoLab–Associação Oceano Verde, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal

    Luisa Gouveia

  7. School of Chemical and Life Science, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India

    Krishna Kumar

  8. Biological and Geological Sciences Department, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

    Heba I. Mohamed

Authors
  1. Shubham Goyal
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  2. Raunak Dhanker
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  3. Touseef Hussain
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  4. Alice Ferreira
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  5. Luisa Gouveia
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  6. Krishna Kumar
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  7. Heba I. Mohamed
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Contributions

SG, RD, TH, AF, LG, KK, HIM: conceptualization, investigation, writing — original draft, review and editing, data curation, formal analysis, visualization, writing — original draft.

SG, RD, TH, AF, LG, KK, HIM: conceptualization; data curation; formal analysis; funding acquisition; investigation; methodology.

SG, RD, TH, AF, LG, KK, HIM: roles/writing — original draft.

All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Raunak Dhanker, Touseef Hussain or Heba I. Mohamed.

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Goyal, S., Dhanker, R., Hussain, T. et al. Modern Advancement in Biotechnological Applications for Wastewater Treatment through Microalgae: a Review. Water Air Soil Pollut 234, 417 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-023-06409-2

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