Abstract
The efficient and relatively simple modification of various biochars to facilitate their environmental applications and enhance the cost/effectiveness ratio is still a challenge. In this work, biochar prepared by pyrolysis of wastewater sewage sludge at 400 °C and 750 °C was tested for methylene blue (MB) adsorption. Biochar which was prepared at 750 °C (SSB) and presented high adsorption capacity was magnetized by applying co-precipitation techniques. The magnetic biochar was obtained (SSMB) and the pristine biochar for methylene blue (MB) was removed in an aqueous solution. The sewage sludge biochar (SSB) and the magnetic sewage sludge biochar (SSMB) were characterized by SEM-EDS, BET, mercury porosimeter, FTIR, and Raman spectroscopy. The results showed a decrease in specific surface area and total pore volume after magnetization from 51.82 to 3.37 m2/g and from 0.899 to 0.588 cm3/g, respectively. An increase in the average pore diameter (from 0.086 to 1.109 μm) and surface functional groups was recorded in SSMB compared to SSB. SSMB presented 55.6 mg/g of adsorption capacity meanwhile SSB presented a value of 54.23 mg/g for the removal of C0 = 40 mg/L of MB under an optimized pH and biochar dose. The kinetic study and isotherm modeling revealed that the adsorption of MB on SSB and SSMB is driven by physical interactions on heterogenous sites dominated by pore filling, hydrogen bonding, π-π, and n-π interaction mechanism. The thermodynamic study showed that the adsorption is endothermic and favorable on both biochars. The regeneration tests exhibit NaOH treatment for MB desorption as a promising technique with a minor loss of adsorption capacities of 7.6 and 5.8% for SSB and SSMB, respectively.
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References
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Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank Ivane LELIEVRE (Unilasalle Rennes) for their technical help. All thanks also to Korbinian KAETZL (University of Kassel) for providing biochars. The authors thank Lydia Fryda and Abdoulaye Kane for their supervision of the ThreeC project.
Funding
The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support of the INTERREG NorthWest Europe ThreeC with project number NWE 1010, under the umbrella of the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF).
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Zeghioud, H., Mouhamadou, S. Dye Removal Characteristics of Magnetic Biochar Derived from Sewage Sludge: Isotherm, Thermodynamics, Kinetics, and Mechanism. Water Air Soil Pollut 234, 233 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-023-06251-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-023-06251-6