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Neutralization of Cotton Seeds After Chemical Delinting

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Abstract

Using sulfuric acid in the chemical delinting of cotton seeds is necessary to degrade the short fibers that adhere to the seed tegument after ginning. Neutralization with a basic solution is essential to stop the acid reaction after this process and ensure seed quality. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the neutralization of cotton seeds and the waste generated during chemical delinting with concentrated sulfuric acid by using different basic compounds, defining the total amount of those necessary to neutralize the residue without damages to seed quality. For neutralization, three basic solutions were used at a concentration of 10% (w/V): sodium hydroxide (NaOH), sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), and calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2]. Analyses of the pH of the solutions during the delinting and of the process residual liquid were performed. The pH of the seed exudate was also analyzed. Lastly, the physiological quality of the seeds was evaluated by first and last germination count tests. We concluded that the use of calcium hydroxide solution [7.2% (w/V)] is efficient for neutralization following the chemical delinting of cotton seeds with concentrated sulfuric acid. Neutralization after delinting is essential to ensure the quality of cotton seeds. For the disposal or reuse of effluent generated during the delinting process, it is necessary to neutralize pH by using calcium hydroxide.

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The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the research promotional agencies Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES–Brasil), Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG–Brasil), and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (Process 426309/2018-9). WVSP is a post-doctoral junior fellow from CNPq (Process 165141/2020-4). HOS is a productivity fellow from CNPq (Process 310211/2021-2).

Funding

This research has funding from Brazilian Governamental Research support agencies Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais, and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico; however, no conflict of interests is issued over the paper from these agencies.

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Conceptualization: Heloisa Oliveira dos Santos. Jaqueline Pereira Januário; methodology: Douglas Pelegrini Vaz Tostes; formal analysis and investigation: Douglas Pelegrini Vaz Tostes, Jaqueline Pereira Januário, Juliana Xisto Silva, Marília Mendes dos Santos Guaraldo, and Geovani Marques Laurindo; writing (original draft preparation): Douglas Pelegrini Vaz Tostes and Wilson Vicente Souza Pereira; writing (review and editing): Wilson Vicente Souza Pereira.

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Correspondence to Heloisa Oliveira dos Santos.

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Tostes, D.P.V., dos Santos, H.O., Januário, J.P. et al. Neutralization of Cotton Seeds After Chemical Delinting. Water Air Soil Pollut 234, 16 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-022-06019-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-022-06019-4

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