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Study on the Effectiveness and Mechanism of Mercapto-Modified Attapulgite for Remediation of Cadmium-Contaminated Paddy Soil

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Abstract

Aim of this work was to synthesize mercapto-modified attapulgite (ATP-SH) and explore the effectiveness and mechanism of ATP-SH on the remediation of Cd-contaminated soil. The ATP-SH was applied to the remediation of cadmium contaminated soil with a concentration of 5.48 mg/kg through pot rice experiment. The changes of soil physicochemical properties, Cd content in rice and straw, available Cd, and different speciation of Cd in soil were studied after the addition of ATP-SH. Some methods, such as XRD, FTIR, and XPS, confirmed successfully grafting of the mercapto. The addition of ATP-SH has little effect on the major physicochemical properties of soil. Compared to the blank group (CK), with the increase of ATP-SH dosage, the available Cd content in soil and the Cd content in rice and straw decrease significantly, and the maximum reduction rates are 73.1%, 92.6%, and 85.7%, respectively; the exchangeable Cd (EX-Cd) and carbonate bound Cd (CAR-Cd) in soil decrease significantly, while Fe/Mn oxide bound Cd (FMO-Cd) and strong organic bound Cd (SO-Cd) increase significantly. Combined with a large number of previous conclusions, we believe that the Si-2p and Al-2p electron clouds in ATP-SH transfer and change the electronic properties of iron, thus increasing the adsorption of Cd on its surface, and then coating to form FMO-Cd, and there are a large number of sulfhydryl and hydroxyl on the surface of the material, which have strong bonding effect on Cd to form SO-Cd. The application of ATP-SH could effectively reduce the content of Cd in straw and rice by the synergistic effect of ATP, S, and Fe rather than increasing soil pH to stabilize heavy metals. It is an efficient remediation agent for Cd-contaminated paddy soil with a good practical application prospect.

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Data Availability

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Funding

We gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the Science and Technology Department of Guizhou Province ([2019]2833 and [2019]1424). We also gratefully acknowledge the financial support from Sichuan Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources (KJCX-2020–007).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Materials and Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Erxianqiao Dongsan Road 1#, Chengdu, 610059, People’s Republic of China

    Guangxi He, Xiaping Zhu, Yan An, Yuying Chen, Cheng Fu, Ningfei Lei & Ying Zeng

  2. 405 Geological Brigade of Sichuan Bureau of Geology & Mineral Resources, Chengdu, 611830, People’s Republic of China

    Junya Li

  3. Geological Party 105, Guizhou Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development, 550018, Guiyang, People’s Republic of China

    Zepeng Wang & Ping Zhao

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  1. Guangxi He
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Contributions

Xiaping Zhu, Ying Zeng, Ningfei Lei: conceptualization, methodology.

Guangxi He: writing—original draft preparation. Yan An, Yuying Chen: software, validation.

Cheng Fu: data curation. Junya Li: visualization, investigation. Zepeng Wang: supervision.

Xiaping Zhu, Ping Zhao: writing—reviewing and editing.

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Correspondence to Xiaping Zhu or Ping Zhao.

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He, G., Zhu, X., An, Y. et al. Study on the Effectiveness and Mechanism of Mercapto-Modified Attapulgite for Remediation of Cadmium-Contaminated Paddy Soil. Water Air Soil Pollut 233, 397 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-022-05853-w

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