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Uncertainty Analysis in Receptor Model with Sources Identification and Risks Apportionment of Toxic Metal(oid)s in Agricultural Soils Around Industrial Areas in Bangladesh

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Abstract

Metal(oid)s contamination in agricultural soils can create adverse environmental conditions and pose human health risks. The present study was conducted to assess metal(oid)s contents, source identification, and ecological and health risks due to metal(oid)s contamination in BISIC industrial region soils of Tangail district Bangladesh. The mean ± SD of chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) were 8.67 ± 8.27 mg/kg, 13.76 ± 18.13 mg/kg, 23.46 ± 23.62 mg/kg, 4.93 ± 2.87 mg/kg, 1.56 ± 1.70 mg/kg, and 16.63 ± 9.32 mg/kg, respectively. The positive matrix factorization model identified lead-acid battery sources (49.53%), industrial sources (33.66%), and agricultural practices (16.63%) as potential sources of studied metal(oid)s. Contamination factor value of Cd (1.65) in the study area soils showed moderate contamination, whereas Nemerow-integrated pollution index (1.95) indicated slightly soil pollution and potential ecological risk (179.67) showed considerable risks. The HI value for adult male, female, and children due to ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contact was higher than 1, assuming severe non-cancer health risks. Total cancer risk value of Cr (1.14E-02) Ni (7.24E-04), As (2.33E-03), and Cd (3.09E-04) for adult male; Cr (1.23E-02), Ni (7.81E-04), As (2.51E-03), and Cd (3.32E-04) for adult female, whereas Cr (5.32E-02), Ni (3.38E-03), As (1.09E-02), Cd (1.44E-03), and Pb (1.00E-04) for children were exceeded the highest acceptable limit (1.0E-04) indicating possible cancer risks. The present study will help environmental engineers and policymakers to control metal pollution in agricultural soils based on applicable and reasonable evaluation methods.

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The datasets of this study can be available in Supplementary information.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank all of the research collaborators for their valuable suggestions and help in soil sample collection.

Funding

The authors express their gratitude to Research Center of Advanced Materials, King Khalid University, Saudi Arabia, for support (award number KKU/RCAMS/22).

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Author notes

  1. Ram Proshad and Abubakr Mustafa Idris contributed equally.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China

    Ram Proshad

  2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

    Ram Proshad

  3. Department of Environmental Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, 8602, Patuakhali, Bangladesh

    Maksudul Islam

  4. Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 9004, Saudi Arabia

    Abubakr Mustafa Idris

  5. Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia

    Abubakr Mustafa Idris

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  1. Ram Proshad
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Ram Proshad collected soil samples, designed the experiment, analyzed the data, and wrote the total manuscript, whereas Maksudul Islam and Abubakr Mustafa Idris revised and improved the whole manuscript.

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Correspondence to Ram Proshad.

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Proshad, R., Islam, M. & Idris, A.M. Uncertainty Analysis in Receptor Model with Sources Identification and Risks Apportionment of Toxic Metal(oid)s in Agricultural Soils Around Industrial Areas in Bangladesh. Water Air Soil Pollut 233, 335 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-022-05780-w

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