Abstract
This study is close to an earlier urban soil survey carried out for a rapidly growing city with a high traffic density in Aurangabad city, India. Consequently, it aims to use the environmental magnetism approach to assess roadside emissions at a known polluted site. Magnetic measurements have been successfully implemented in soil studies and seem to be a suitable approach for pollution assessment in industrial and roadside areas of the study area. The present study was accomplished for magnetic susceptibility, isothermal remanent magnetization, coercivity, hysteresis measurements, thermomagnetic curves, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive spectroscopy analysis to evaluate the absolute fraction of magnetic minerals in bulk soil samples. The soils displayed variation in magnetic susceptibility values, which was influenced by concentration, domain states, and morphological characteristics of magnetic minerals. Substantial variation in the mineralogical composition of soils deriving from different industrial activities was noticed. The results indicate that industrial and roadside soil samples with mostly coarser and irregular-shaped show ferrimagnetic minerals. The presence of iron–titanium combination in most of the samples is due to titanomagnetite accompanying the titanium-bearing grains. In soils, a higher amount of ferrimagnetic minerals (magnetite, titanomagnetite, maghemite) with a minor content of antiferromagnetic minerals (hematite/goethite) was noticed. These studies reveal that magnetic and morphological characterization of soils can be used as an appropriate tracer for industrial and roadside soil pollution, which leads to new avenues for more detailed chemical mapping.
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Acknowledgements
The authors thank the Principal and Head of Geology Department, Deogiri College, Aurangabad, and thank the Director, CSIR-NGRI, Hyderabad, for providing the laboratory facilities. Thanks also to M. Kapawar for the help with statistics.
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Author VK was grateful to Chhatrapati Shahu Maharaj Research Training and Human Development Institute (SARTHI), Pune, An Autonomous Institute, Government of Maharashtra for the financial (CSMNRF-2019) support during this work.
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Kadam, V.B., Tejankar, A.V., Venkateshwarlu, M. et al. Magnetic Properties of Urban Topsoil from Aurangabad (India)—Implications to Industrial Pollution and Road Traffic. Water Air Soil Pollut 233, 258 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-022-05710-w
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-022-05710-w