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Comparison of Nitrogen Loss Weight in Ammonia Volatilization, Runoff, and Leaching Between Common and Slow-Release Fertilizer in Paddy Field

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Abstract

Nitrogen (N) loss from paddy fields contributes to air and water pollution, which has been a serious challenge to agriculture and the environment. In situ field experiments were conducted to monitor ammonia (NH3) volatilization, surface runoff, and leaching loss in common nitrogen fertilizer and slow-release nitrogen fertilizer treatments. The total N loss by ammonia volatilization, leaching, and runoff was 38.27 ± 4.23~113.54 ± 7.66 kg ha−1 among the different treatments. Results indicated that slow-coated urea could reduce ammonia volatilization (24.69~29.54%), N surface runoff loss (20.05~25.37%), and leaching loss (21.86~38.05%) compared with common fertilizer. Of the different nitrogen loss pathways monitored in paddy fields, ammonia volatilization was the greatest (68.98~75.27% of the total N loss), followed by (in descending order) runoff (16.43~23.07%) and leaching (7.67~8.86%). Ammonia volatilization and N runoff loss were predominantly attributed to surface ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N) concentration and precipitation. In addition, 42 ± 2.48% of N runoff loss was a result of wet deposition, while 58 ± 3.11% was attributed to nitrogen hydrolysis. There is obvious vertical nitrogen migration in the soil profile, among which NO3−-N leaching loss is the predominant form (69.94~90.12%).

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Acknowledgements

The authors also are grateful to the Changshu Agroecological Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences for the cooperation. We also thank International Science Editing (http://www.internationalscienceediting.com) for editing the manuscript.

Funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (Grant No. 51739002, 51479064), the Water Resources Department of Jiangsu Province (201641104), and the Excellent Scientific and Technological Innovation Team in Jiangsu Province.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, 210098, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China

    Luying Chen, Xiaodong Liu, Zulin Hua, Shengcheng Mei & Peng Wang

  2. School of Civil Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China

    Hongqin Xue

  3. State Experimental Station of Agro-Ecosystem in Changshu, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China

    Shuwei Wang

  4. Changshu Agroecological Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changshu, Jiangsu Province, 215555, China

    Shuwei Wang

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  1. Luying Chen
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  2. Xiaodong Liu
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  3. Zulin Hua
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  4. Hongqin Xue
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  5. Shengcheng Mei
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  6. Peng Wang
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  7. Shuwei Wang
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Contributions

Conceptualization, Xiaodong Liu and Zulin Hua; data curation, Luying Chen; formal analysis, Luying Chen; funding acquisition, Xiaodong Liu; investigation, Luying Chen and Shengcheng Mei; methodology, Shengcheng Mei; project administration, Zulin Hua; resources, Shuwei Wang; software, Luying Chen; supervision, Peng Wang; validation, Xiaodong Liu and Hongqin Xue; writing – original draft, Luying Chen; writing – review and editing, Xiaodong Liu and Hongqin Xue.

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Correspondence to Xiaodong Liu.

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Chen, L., Liu, X., Hua, Z. et al. Comparison of Nitrogen Loss Weight in Ammonia Volatilization, Runoff, and Leaching Between Common and Slow-Release Fertilizer in Paddy Field. Water Air Soil Pollut 232, 132 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-021-05083-6

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