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Recovering Soils Affected by Iron Mining Tailing Using Herbaceous Species with Mycorrhizal Inoculation

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Abstract

The objective of this research was to evaluate a soil recovery strategy in soils that were affected by iron mining tailing using herbaceous species inoculated with Acaulospora morrowiae (arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF)). Tailings were collected on the banks of the Gualaxo do Norte river, one of the places impacted by the Fundão Dam rupture, where tailing layers that were more than one meter were deposited. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, using 6 kg pots of non-sterile reject, in a randomized block design in a 4 × 2 factorial scheme, with four cropping systems (Urochloa ruziziensis single crop–RS; and intercropping cultivation: U. ruziziensis with Crotalaria spectabilis–R + C; U. ruziziensis with Guizotia abyssinica–R + G and U. ruziziensis with C. spectabilis and G. abyssinica–R + C + G), with two AMF inoculation conditions (with 200 A. morrowiae spores per pot, and no inoculation), with three replications and 100 days duration. The R + C and R + C + G systems presented the highest shoot dry matter (SDM) yields. Regarding root dry matter production (RDM), a variation of 9.2 g of pot−1 roots was observed between the R + C and R + G systems. Mycorrhizal colonization (MC) was higher in the cultivation system with the three herbaceous species, being the R + C + G system 52% higher than RS system. Spore density did not vary among treatments. Microbial carbon biomass was higher in the RS and R + G treatments when not inoculated. Basal respiration was also higher when not inoculated. Overall, the R + C + G system was more efficient than other systems in the accumulation of elements. The cultivation system with three herbaceous plants proved to be efficient in establishing itself initially in the iron mining tailings, being a viable alternative for the rehabilitation process.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnologia (CNPq), and the Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG-APQ-01661-16) for the financial support and scholarships granted to the authors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Setor of Biology, Microbiology and Soil Biological Processes, Department of Soil Science, Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), Lavras, MG, Brazil

    Carin Sgobi Zanchi, Éder Rodrigues Batista, Aline Oliveira Silva, Marisângela Viana Barbosa, Flávio Araújo Pinto, Jessé Valentim dos Santos & Marco Aurélio Carbone Carneiro

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  1. Carin Sgobi Zanchi
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  2. Éder Rodrigues Batista
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  3. Aline Oliveira Silva
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  4. Marisângela Viana Barbosa
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  5. Flávio Araújo Pinto
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  6. Jessé Valentim dos Santos
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  7. Marco Aurélio Carbone Carneiro
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Correspondence to Marco Aurélio Carbone Carneiro.

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Fig. S1. Elements content in the aerial part of herbaceous cultivated in tailings deposited on the banks of the Gualáxo do Norte river two years after the Fundão Dam rupture. Herbaceous Crop Systems: Ruz: Urochloa ruziziensis (Ruz) single; R+C: U. ruziziensis intercropped with Crotalaria spectabilis (Crot); R+G: U. ruziziensis consortium with Guizotia abyssinica (Gui); and R+C+G: U. ruziziensis consortium with C. spectabilis and G. abyssinica. Means followed by the same letter within the same element do not differ from each other by the Tukey test at 5% probability (PNG 419 kb)

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Zanchi, C.S., Batista, É.R., Silva, A.O. et al. Recovering Soils Affected by Iron Mining Tailing Using Herbaceous Species with Mycorrhizal Inoculation. Water Air Soil Pollut 232, 110 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-021-05061-y

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