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Bioremoval of Surfactant from Laundry Wastewater in Optimized Condition by Anoxic Reactors

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Abstract

Effects of ethanol and nitrate on linear alkyl benzene sulfonate (LAS) degradation were investigated using central composite design. At experimental design, removal of 99.9% was observed in batch reactors (1 L) with 9.8 to 41.2 mg L−1 of LAS. The batch reactors were kept under agitation at 120 rpm and 30 °C. Ethanol (co-substrate) and nitrate (electron acceptor) were statistically significant factors (p < 0.05) in surfactant removal. Optimal values were 97.5 and 88 mg L−1 for ethanol and nitrate, respectively. LAS removal was kinetically investigated by varying surfactant concentration while using optimal values. Batch I (27 mg L−1 LAS) exhibited greater degradation rate (KLAS) (0.054 h−1) in the presence of ethanol and nitrate. Nonetheless, in Batch II (60 mg L−1 LAS), the KLAS values decreased in those reactors probably due to inhibition by excess substrate for same concentrations of nitrate and ethanol added in reactors. As LAS concentration increased, the dominance of bacterial populations also increased, whereas diversity index decreased from 2.8 (inoculum) to 2.4 and 2.5 for reactors with both added nitrate and ethanol and those with only added ethanol, respectively. Probably, a selection of microbial populations occurred in relation to LAS concentration. The nitrate and ethanol, at able concentration, made it possible the induction of denitrifying microrganisms foward to LAS removal.

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge the Laboratório de Processos Biológicos-LPB/EESC/USP São Paulo, Research Foundation (FAPESP) (no. 2013/19367−1) for their financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Hydraulics and Sanitation, School of Engineering of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador Sancarlense, 400, 13566-590, São Carlos, SP, Brazil

    Marcus Vinicius Freire Andrade, Isabel Kimiko Sakamoto & Maria Bernadete Amâncio Varesche

  2. Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod Washington Luiz, Km 235, SP 310, 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil

    Aline Gomes de Oliveira Paranhos & Edson Luiz Silva

Authors
  1. Marcus Vinicius Freire Andrade
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  2. Isabel Kimiko Sakamoto
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  3. Aline Gomes de Oliveira Paranhos
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  4. Edson Luiz Silva
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  5. Maria Bernadete Amâncio Varesche
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Correspondence to Marcus Vinicius Freire Andrade or Maria Bernadete Amâncio Varesche.

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Andrade, M.V.F., Sakamoto, I.K., de Oliveira Paranhos, A.G. et al. Bioremoval of Surfactant from Laundry Wastewater in Optimized Condition by Anoxic Reactors. Water Air Soil Pollut 228, 165 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-017-3293-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-017-3293-9

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