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Investigating the Reduction of Human Adenovirus (HAdV) and Human Polyomavirus (HPyV) in a Sewage Treatment Plant with a Polishing Pond as a Tertiary Treatment

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Abstract

Enteric viruses enter surface waters through discharge of sewage treatment plants. They have a high environmental resistance and persistence and have low infectious doses. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficiency of polishing pond in the removal of viruses and bacteria. The samples were taken approximately once a week at the influent of secondary treatment (n = 39), effluent of secondary treatment (n = 39), and polishing pond (tertiary treatment, n = 29). Human adenoviruses (HAdV) were detected in 82–100 % of wastewater samples, whereas 62–79 % of the samples were positive for human polyomavirus (HPyV). The median concentrations ranged from 6.8 × 103 genome equivalents/l (HAdV) to 6.0 × 103 genome equivalents/l (HPyV). The concentration of HAdV and HPyV did not change significantly during the wastewater treatment. For somatic coliphages and bacteria an overall reduction of 1.84–2.65 log10 has been detected. Based on the data collected, this type of tertiary treatment achieved a significant reduction in bacteria and phages, but not for viruses.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Mrs. Isabel Bossow (B. Sc.), Mrs. Hanna Flamme (M.Sc.), and Mr. Frederik Santer (B. Sc.) for sampling and analyzing. Additionally, we are thankful to Elke Uhlenbrock, Sabine Wagener, and Gregor Perna for collecting the samples.

Conflict of Interest

All authors have no conflict of interests in relation to this work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Hygiene, Social and Environmental Medicine, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany

    Lars Jurzik & Michael Wilhelm

  2. Environmental Virology Laboratory, Department of Water Pollution Research, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt

    Ibrahim Ahmed Hamza

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  1. Lars Jurzik
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  2. Ibrahim Ahmed Hamza
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  3. Michael Wilhelm
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Correspondence to Lars Jurzik.

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Jurzik, L., Hamza, I.A. & Wilhelm, M. Investigating the Reduction of Human Adenovirus (HAdV) and Human Polyomavirus (HPyV) in a Sewage Treatment Plant with a Polishing Pond as a Tertiary Treatment. Water Air Soil Pollut 226, 284 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-015-2545-9

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