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Dissipation and Degradation Dynamics of Thifluzamide in Rice Field

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Abstract

Thifluzamide fungicide is widely used to protect rice (Oryza sativa) against the sheath blight fungus (Rhizoctonia solani). The continuous application of thifluzamide may lead to accumulation in soil and contaminate rice crop. To sustain the environment, it is necessary to assess its accumulation and degradation in field. The method limit of detection (LOD) was 0.022 ng. The limits of quantitation detection (LOQ) were 5.0 μg L−1 in water and 4.0 μg kg−1 in paddy soil and rice crop. In this study, a 2-year (2011–2012) field study was performed to monitor thifluzamide degradation in the rice production areas of Nanjing, Xiaoxian, and Changsha. The degradation dynamics of thifluzamide in paddy water, paddy soil, and rice crop were well described by the first-order kinetics equation. The 2-year average half-lives of thifluzamide in paddy water, paddy soil, and rice crop were 26.19, 17.92, 14.61 days (Nanjing), 15.63, 20.71, 9.10 days (Xiaoxian), and 9.47, 13.92, 10.08 days (Changsha), respectively. Thifluzamide degraded more rapidly in rice crop than in soil and paddy water. The variation in thifluzamide degradation was attributed to the difference in rainfall during the period of rice cultivation. The maximum residue of thifluzamide in brown rice was 0.0303 mg kg−1 in Nanjing and the residue of thifluzamide in brown rice was not detected in other two sites before thifluzamide was applied at pre-harvest. The experimental data demonstrated that thifluzamide recommended dosage of 72 g a.i.ha−1 can be used in rice fields with less than three times within a 30-day time interval.

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    Authors and Affiliations

    1. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China

      Li Na Wei, Ping Wu, Fu Rong Wang & Hong Yang

    2. Department of Pesticide Residue, Jiangsu Pesticide Quality Supervise and Test Station Co. Ltd., Nanjing, 210046, China

      Ping Wu

    3. Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China

      Hong Yang

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    1. Li Na Wei
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    4. Hong Yang
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    Correspondence to Hong Yang.

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    Li Na Wei and Ping Wu contributed equally to this work.

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    Wei, L.N., Wu, P., Wang, F.R. et al. Dissipation and Degradation Dynamics of Thifluzamide in Rice Field. Water Air Soil Pollut 226, 130 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-015-2387-5

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