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Assessing Molybdenum Adsorption onto an Industrial Soil and Iron Minerals

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Abstract

The processes affecting adsorption of molybdenum (Mo) in alkaline industrial soils are not well known, as most research on Mo fate and transport has focused on agricultural soils. In this work, we performed studies of soil extraction, as well as sorption studies using both batch and stirred-flow cell approaches. After 60 h of extraction, we observed, even where three extractable fractions were present, 14.1 % of the bound residue was extracted by CaCl2 solution. This indicates that the procedures recommended by the Commission of European Communities Bureau of Reference, which is targeted to metals cations, not anions due to the use of extractants at acidic pH, are not a suitable approach for assessing mobility and availability of Mo in alkaline soils. Because the observed extent of Mo adsorption onto two Fe minerals, goethite, and amorphous iron hydroxide (HFO) was 2 to 3 orders of magnitude higher than that onto the soil, soils amended with these Fe minerals were found to have a higher Mo adsorption capacity, with HFO yielding stronger sorption than goethite. The additivity principle was successfully used to predict Mo adsorption with the HFO-amended soil but failed to do so for the goethite-amended soil. The best fit sorption isotherms and estimated parameters were slightly different from batch and flow cell experiments. The K d values of sorption coefficient in our industrial soils and Fe-minerals-amended soils ranged from 0.19 to 1.45 L/kg from both experimental approaches; this low adsorption potential renders it infeasible to immobilize Mo into the soil matrix and reduce Mo availability by amending the soil with Fe minerals. In the future, materials with potentially high Mo adsorption capacities should be identified, screened, and characterized for permeable reactive barriers application.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank the Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. 21107072), State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture (Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, grant no.Y052010026), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (grant no. 2012 M520408), and Ministry of Environmental Protection of China (grant no. 201109052) for the financial support of this work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1799 Jimei Road, 361021, Xiamen, China

    Chunnu Geng

  2. Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China

    Chunnu Geng

  3. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, China

    Xuping Jian & Yuhong Su

  4. College of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China

    Qinhong Hu

  5. Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas at Arlington, 500 Yates Street, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA

    Qinhong Hu

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  1. Chunnu Geng
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Correspondence to Qinhong Hu.

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Geng, C., Jian, X., Su, Y. et al. Assessing Molybdenum Adsorption onto an Industrial Soil and Iron Minerals. Water Air Soil Pollut 224, 1743 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-013-1743-6

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