Abstract
The adsorption of methylene blue cationic dye by water hyacinth root was studied in a batch system. The experimental data isotherms were analyzed using the Langmuir and Freundlich equations. The monolayer adsorption capacity for methylene blue dye was found as 0.187 kg kg−1. Three kinetic models (the pseudo-first order, the pseudo-second order, and the unified approach) were used to calculate the adsorption rate constants. The kinetic data along with equilibrium constants (maximum monolayer capacity and Langmuir constant) fitted well with unified approach model for different initial concentrations, and the rate constants were determined. Laboratory column experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance of water hyacinth root for methylene blue sorption under dynamic flow conditions. Breakthrough curves were plotted for the methylene blue adsorption on the adsorbent using continuous flow column operation by varying the bed height (0.06–0.12 m) and the feed concentrations (0.1–0.2 kg m−3). Different column design parameters, such as depth of exchange zone, adsorption rate, and adsorption capacity, were calculated. At the end, an attempt has also been made to model the data generated from column studies using the empirical relationship based on Bohart–Adams model.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Aksu, Z., & Gönen, F. (2004). Biosorption of phenol by immobilized activated sludge in a continuous packed bed: prediction of breakthrough curves. Process Biochemistry, 39, 599–613.
Bhattacharyya, K. G., & Sharma, A. (2005). Kinetics and thermodynamic of methylene blue on neem (Azardirachta indica) leaf powder. Dyes and Pigments, 65, 51–59.
Bohart, G. S., & Adams, E. Q. (1920). Some aspects of the behavior of charcoal with respect to chlorine. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 42, 523–544.
Doĝan, M., Alkan, M., Türkyilmaz, A., & Özdemir, Y. (2004). Kinetic and mechanism of removal of methylene blue by adsorption onto perlite. Journal of Hazardous Materials, B109, 141–148.
Ferrero, F. (2007). Dye removal by low cost adsorbents: hazelnut shells in comparison with wood sawdust. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 142, 144–152.
Ghosh, D., & Bhattacharyya, K. G. (2002). Adsorption of methylene blue on kaolinite. Applied Clay Science, 20, 295–300.
Gong, R., Sun, Y., Chen, J., Liu, H., & Yang, C. (2005). Effect of chemical modification on dye adsorption capacity of peanut hull. Dyes and Pigments, 67, 175–181.
Gürses, A., Karaca, S., Dogar, C., Bayrak, R., Acikyildiz, M., & Yalcin, M. (2004). Determination of adsorptive properties of clay/water system: methylene blue sorption. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 269, 310–314.
Hamdaoui, O. (2006). Batch study of liquid-phase adsorption of methylene blue using cedar sawdust and crushed brick. Journal of Hazardous Materials, B135, 264–273.
Han, R., Wang, Y., Yu, W., Zou, W., Shi, J., & Liu, H. (2007). Biosorption of methylene blue from aqueous solution by rice husk in a fixed-bed column. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 141(3), 713–718.
Ho, Y. S., & McKay, G. (1998). A comparison of chemisorption kinetic models applied to the pollutant removal on various sorbents. Trans IChemE, 76(4), 332–340.
Ho, Y. S., & McKay, G. (1999). Pseudo-second order model for sorption processes. Process Biochemistry, 34(5), 451–465.
Ilhan, U. (2006). Kinetics of the adsorption of reactive dyes by chitosan. Dyes and Pigments, 70, 76–83.
Indra, D. M., Vimal, C. S., Nitin, K. A., & Indra, M. M. (2005). Adsorptive removal of malachite green dye from aqueous solution by bagasse fly ash and activated carbon-kinetic study and equilibrium isotherm analyses. Colloid and Surface A, 264, 17–28.
Inglezakis, V. J., & Grigoropoulou, H. (2004). Effects of operating conditions on the removal of heavy metals by zeolite in fixed bed reactors. Journal of Hazardous Materials, B112, 37–43.
Islam, M. A., Khan, M. R., & Mozumder, M. S. I. (2004). Adsorption equilibrium and adsorption kinetics: a unified approach. Chemical Engineering and Technology, 27, 1095–1098.
Khare, S. K., Panday, K. K., Srivastava, R. M., & Singh, V. N. (1987). Removal of victoria blue from aqueous solution by fly ash. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, 38, 99–104.
Khezami, L., & Capart, R. (2005). Removal of chromium (VI) from aqueous solution by activated carbons: kinetic and equilibrium studies. Journal of Hazardous Materials, B123, 223–231.
Kumar, K. V., & Porkodi, K. (2006). Relation between some two- and three-parameter isotherm models for the sorption of methylene blue onto lemon peel. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 138, 633–635.
Kumar, K. V., Ramamurthi, V., & Sivanesan, S. (2005). Modeling the mechanism involved during the sorption of methylene blue onto fly ash. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 284, 14–21.
McKay, G. (1981). Design models for adsorption systems in wastewater treatment. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, 31, 717–731.
Reed, B. E., & Matsumoto, M. R. (1993). Modeling cadmium adsorption in single and binary adsorbent (PAC) systems. Journal of Environmental Engineering, 119, 332–348.
Taty-Costodes, V. C., Henri Fauduet, H., Catherine Porte, C., & Ho, Y.-S. (2005). Removal of lead (II) ions from synthetic and real effluents using immobilized Pinus sylvestris sawdust: adsorption on a fixed-bed column. Journal of Hazardous Materials, B123, 135–144.
Vadivelan, V., & Kumar, K. V. (2005). Equilibrium, kinetics, mechanism, and process design for the sorption of methylene blue onto rice husk. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 286, 90–100.
Zulfadhly, Z., Mashitah, M. D., & Bhatia, S. (2001). Heavy metals removal in fixed-bed column by the macro fungus Pycnoporus sanguineus. Environmental Pollution, 112, 463–470.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Khan, M.R., Mozumder, S.I., Islam, A. et al. Methylene Blue Adsorption onto Water Hyacinth: Batch and Column Study. Water Air Soil Pollut 223, 2943–2953 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-012-1078-8
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-012-1078-8