Abstract
Increasing release of organic pollutants to the environment has caused one of the largest world crises for water resources. Volatile organic compounds are toxic monoaromatic pollutants of soil and water. In this research, natural zeolite nanoparticles were produced mechanically by means of a milling technique, modified using two cationic surfactants of hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride and n-cetyl pyridinium bromide and formed as granules using a novel technique already developed by our group. The granulated adsorbents were used to uptake benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX) from contaminated water. Two intra-particle diffusion models (i.e., Weber and Morris and Vermeulen models) and three surface reaction models (i.e., pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order, and Elovich) were applied to evaluate the kinetics of adsorption and the best fitted model was chosen. Results of the adsorption kinetic evaluations were shown that uptake of granulated nanozeolites are higher than natural zeolites (in the order of four). Kinetic results revealed that the adsorption follows a pseudo-second order indicating existence of chemisorption in the studied conditions. It was noticed that the intra-particle diffusion is prevailing in the first stage of adsorption for a relatively short time (i.e., first 25 min).
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Acknowledgments
The authors acknowledge the National Iranian Oil Production and Distribution Company (NIOPDC) for financial support of this study. Dr. A. Charkhi from Sharif University of technology and the SPAG zeolite group are also acknowledged for fruitful scientific discussion and technical support. The authors have declared no conflict of interest.
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Seifi, L., Torabian, A., Kazemian, H. et al. Kinetic Study of BTEX Removal Using Granulated Surfactant-Modified Natural Zeolites Nanoparticles. Water Air Soil Pollut 219, 443–457 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-010-0719-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-010-0719-z