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Nanoparticulate Zeolitic Tuff for Immobilizing Heavy Metals in Soil: Preparation and Characterization

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Abstract

Nanoparticles derived from natural materials are promising compounds in the field of environmental remediation. The present study produces and characterizes Na-zeolitic tuff in the nanorange, stabilizes the nanotuff in suspension, and investigates the effect of Na-zeolitic nanotuff on sorption of Cd. Breakdown of raw zeolitic tuff with a mean particle size of 109 μm to the nanorange was achieved by attrition milling. In the first stage of grinding, a mixture of Al-oxide beads of 1 to 2.6 mm diameter was used. The milling process lasted 4 h. In the second stage, the dried powder was milled again using a mixture of a fine zirconia beads (0.1 mm) and Al-oxide beads (1.0 mm). The powder was treated with 1 M NaCl solution. Finally, the powder was sonicated in water. After this procedure, the mean and median particle diameters were 47.6 and 41.8 nm, respectively. The nanoparticulate zeolitic tuff had a surface area of 82 m2 g−1. The estimated zero charge point of the nanoparticle suspension was 3.2. The surface zeta potential was pH dependent. The Na-zeolitic nanotuff increased Cd sorption by a factor of up to 3 compared to the raw zeolitic tuff. Our results indicate that zeolitic nanoparticles can be produced by grinding using a mixture of fine beads in an attrition mill and that this procedure increases their metal immobilizing potential.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to express thanks for the support of Prof. Dr. F. Aldinger and Dr. J. Bill from the Max-Planck Institute for Metal Research (Stuttgart, Germany) during many fruitful discussions and for providing the attrition ball mill and testing the nanoparticle powder. This research was supported by the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD).

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  1. Biogeophysics Section, Institute of Soil Science and Land Evaluation, University of Hohenheim, Emil-Wolff-Str. 27, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany

    Ayoup M. Ghrair, Joachim Ingwersen & Thilo Streck

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Ghrair, A.M., Ingwersen, J. & Streck, T. Nanoparticulate Zeolitic Tuff for Immobilizing Heavy Metals in Soil: Preparation and Characterization. Water Air Soil Pollut 203, 155–168 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-009-9999-6

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