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Engineering Aspects of Electrochemical Generation of Ferrate: A Step Towards Its Full Scale Application for Water and Wastewater Treatment

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Abstract

The objective of this paper is to design a pilot plant electrochemical reactor and to prove the operational concept of the electrochemical production of ferrate in situ and its online application for sewage treatment. To that end, the first part of this paper focuses on the analysis of the main engineering aspects of the reactor and the electrochemical process that affect the ferrate production, using laboratory scale experiments such as the interelectrode gap, the space-time yield, the area/volume (A/V) ratio, the current efficiency, and the energy consumption. The second part focuses on the production of ferrate using a pilot plant scale to prove the operational concept of the electrochemical generation of ferrate in situ and its online application as a step towards its full scale application for water and wastewater treatment.

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Abbreviations

A/V:

Area/volume ratio (m−1)

Φ :

Current efficiency

EC:

Energy consumption (kWh/kg)

E :

Voltage (V)

I :

Current (A)

t :

Time (h)

m p :

Mass of product (kg)

σ p :

Space-time yield of product (kg m−3 h−1)

i d :

Current density (A/m2)

A :

Area (m2)

a e :

Specific electrode area (m−1)

F :

Faraday constant (96,485 C mol−1)

z :

Number of electrons involved in the reaction

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Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of Southern Water Services Ltd. and the Department of Trade and Industry of UK under the Knowledge Transfer Partnership Program. We also thank SWS for their assistance and in particular, the staff from Hailsham North Wastewater Treatment Works. We also thank Eurofins Laboratories for their support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Environmental Health Engineering, C5, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Science, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK

    Mohammad Alsheyab & Jia-Qian Jiang

  2. Wastewater Support Team (Process Development), Southern Water Services, Falmer, East Sussex, BN1 9PY, UK

    Cécile Stanford

Authors
  1. Mohammad Alsheyab
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  2. Jia-Qian Jiang
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  3. Cécile Stanford
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Correspondence to Mohammad Alsheyab.

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Alsheyab, M., Jiang, JQ. & Stanford, C. Engineering Aspects of Electrochemical Generation of Ferrate: A Step Towards Its Full Scale Application for Water and Wastewater Treatment. Water Air Soil Pollut 210, 203–210 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-009-0242-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-009-0242-2

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