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Distribution and Accumulation of Copper and Cadmium in Soil–Rice System as Affected by Soil Amendments

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Abstract

The effects of seven amendments on the distribution and accumulation of copper and cadmium in a soil–rice system were investigated using a pot experiment. Results showed that application of limestone, calcium magnesium phosphate (Ca–Mg–P fertilizer), calcium silicate (silicon fertilizer), Chinese milk vetch, pig manure, and peat significantly decreased the concentrations of Cu and Cd in rice roots by 24.8–75.3% and 9.7–49.9%, respectively. However, no significant difference was observed between zinc sulfate (zinc fertilizer) and the control treatment. The concentrations of Cu and Cd in different parts of rice followed the order: root > straw > grain, and all amendments restrained the transfer of Cu and Cd from rice root to stem. Copper and Cd concentrations in rice stems at the tillering stage were the highest, and then decreased from the tillering stage to the heading stage. However, they increased again at the ripening stage. The results also showed that application of amendments changed Cu and Cd solubility in soil and decreased their bioavailability, which resulted in the reduction of Cu and Cd uptake by rice. Significant correlations between the concentrations of Cu and Cd in soil solutions and in rice stems were found. The result demonstrated that limestone has the best efficiency among all the amendments used in reducing Cu and Cd contamination to rice production.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Key Technology Research and Development Program of China (No. 2006BAD05B09) and by the Key Project of Knowledge Innovation System of Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. KSCX 1-YW-09). We also wish to thank Dr. Hailin Zhang from Oklahoma State University for his language help and the anonymous referees for their helpful comments.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, People’s Republic of China

    Ping Li, Xing-xiang Wang, Tao-lin Zhang, Dong-mei Zhou & Yuan-qiu He

  2. Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People’s Republic of China

    Ping Li

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  1. Ping Li
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  2. Xing-xiang Wang
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Correspondence to Xing-xiang Wang.

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Li, P., Wang, Xx., Zhang, Tl. et al. Distribution and Accumulation of Copper and Cadmium in Soil–Rice System as Affected by Soil Amendments. Water Air Soil Pollut 196, 29–40 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-008-9755-3

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