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Evaluation of a Quasi-steady-state Respiration Test in a Full-scale Biopile

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Abstract

A quasi steady state respiration test based on Fick’s law with a correction term for advective flux, for estimating petroleum hydrocarbon degradation rates, was evaluated in a full-scale (3,000 m3) biopile study. A contaminated clayey sand soil with an average TPH content of 1,421 ± 260 mg kg−1 soil was treated in a biopile with a fixed venting and heating system. Temperature in the biopile ranged from 12.1 to 36.6°C and soil water content from 15.2 to 35.8 m3 H2O m−3 soil. Oxygen concentrations in the biopile showed a rapid decrease with depth, before venting and reached constant atmospheric concentration during venting. Measured oxygen consumption in the biopile ranged from −0.04 to −0.68 mol O2 m−3 soil day−1. Average oxygen consumption rates calculated with the quasi-steady-state method were significantly (P < 0.05) lower then the oxygen consumption rates calculated with the transient method. It was suggested that the oxygen diffusion was underestimated by the diffusivity models used and that further research is needed to determine relative effective diffusion coefficients in biopiles. Although both respiration testing and petroleum hydrocarbon concentration showed a decrease of oxygen consumption in time, the estimated degradation rate was low compared to the actual decrease in petroleum hydrocarbon concentration. Additional work will have to be done to acquire a more precise knowledge of the relationship between respirometrically determined degradation rates and the actual change in petroleum hydrocarbon concentration in the soil.

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Acknowledgements

The authors of this study acknowledge the companies DEC and MOURIK for the opportunity to use their biopile facility. They wish to thank Dirk Ponnet, Gunther De Becker, Stany Pensaert and Katelijne Schaerlaekens for assistance in this work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Soil Management and Soil Care, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Gent University, Coupure 653, 9000, Gent, Belgium

    Joke Van De Steene & Hubert Verplancke

  2. Laboratorium Van Vooren, Industriepark Rosteyne 1, Zelzate, 9060, Belgium

    Hannelore Van Vooren

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  1. Joke Van De Steene
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  2. Hannelore Van Vooren
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  3. Hubert Verplancke
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Correspondence to Joke Van De Steene.

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Van De Steene, J., Van Vooren, H. & Verplancke, H. Evaluation of a Quasi-steady-state Respiration Test in a Full-scale Biopile. Water Air Soil Pollut 183, 403–413 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-007-9389-x

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