Abstract
Calibrating hydraulic models for water distribution systems (WDS) is crucial during model-building, particularly in determining the roughness coefficients of pipes. However, using a single roughness coefficient based solely on pipe material can lead to significant variations in frictional head losses. To address this issue and enhance computational efficiency, a genetic algorithm (GA) for optimizing roughness coefficients is presented With the Environmental Protection Agency Network Evaluation Tool (EPANET) hydraulic model. EPANET-GA further considers the spatial characteristics of pipes. We incorporated an automated calibration process and a user graphic interface to analyze the water head pressures of WDS nodes for the Zhonghe-Yonghe Division. The results reveal that the optimized roughness coefficient produces a high correlation coefficient (0.90) with the measured data in a time slot. In addition, a low standard error (8.93%) was achieved for 24-hour predictions. Furthermore, in the Shelin-Beitou Division, spatial characteristics were incorporated as constraints during the calibration process. The EPANET-GA has the potential to serve as an excellent tool for designing, operating, and optimizing water supply networks. It can become an advanced operational solution for administrations, aiding in tasks such as leakage detection and pump energy optimization.
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Acknowledgements
This research was supported in part by the Taipei Water Department, Taiwan, ROC. Contract No. 10937017S30.
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This research was supported in part by the Taipei Water Department, Taiwan, ROC. Contract No. 10937017S30.
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Chia-Cheng Shiu developed the theoretical formalism, performed the analytic calculations and performed the numerical simulations. Chih-Chung Chung contributed to the design and implementation of the research, to the analysis of the results and to the writing of the manuscript. Tzuping Chiang aided in interpreting the results and worked on the manuscript. All authors have discussed the results and approved the final manuscript.
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Shiu, CC., Chung, CC. & Chiang, T. Enhancing the EPANET Hydraulic Model through Genetic Algorithm Optimization of Pipe Roughness Coefficients. Water Resour Manage 38, 323–341 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-023-03672-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-023-03672-0