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A New Regional Drought Index under X-bar Chart Based Weighting Scheme – The Quality Boosted Regional Drought Index (QBRDI)

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Abstract

Unlike other natural hazards, drought has severe consequences on numerous aspects of life. After the industrial revolution, drought is prevailing in most parts of the world. Likewise, global warming and climate change have increased the recurrent occurrences of extreme values and the short-distance variability in precipitation. Therefore, accurate and effective reporting of drought characteristics at the regional level is one of the most challenging tasks in hydrology. This research aims to improve the accuracy and quality of drought characterization and its continuous monitoring at the regional level. This article develops a new drought indicator by integrating unequal weights under an X-bar chart with the regional aggregation precipitation data. We called the new index– the Quality Boosted Regional Drought Index (QBRDI). In application, the northern region of Pakistan is considered to assess and evaluate QBRDI. In comparison, the study includes a pairwise comparison of QBRDI and Regional Standardized Precipitation Index (RSPI) using the Pearson correlation coefficient. Comparative to RSPI, a significantly low Coefficient of Variation between the correlations of QBRDI with other meteorological stations reveals that QBRDI has more regional characteristics than RSPI. These outcomes endorse the rationality of using QBRDI for regional drought analysis. In addition, the methodology of QBRDI provides a new way to minimize the impact of outliers and extreme values in the regional aggregation of precipitation data.

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The data and materials used in this study are available upon reasonable request from the corresponding author.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Statistical Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan

    Zulfiqar Ali & Nasrulla Khan

  2. Department of Statistics, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan

    Sadia Qamar

  3. F.G Sir Syed College, Rawalpindi Cantt, Rawalpindi, Pakistan

    Muhammad Faisal

  4. Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Diyala, Diyala Governorate, Iraq

    Saad Sh. Sammen

Authors
  1. Zulfiqar Ali
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  2. Sadia Qamar
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  3. Nasrulla Khan
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  4. Muhammad Faisal
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  5. Saad Sh. Sammen
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Contributions

Zulfiqar Ali and Sadia Qamar conceived the presented idea. Zulfiqar Ali developed the theory and performed the computations. Nasrullah Khan and Muhammad Faisal verified the analytical methods and computations. Saad Shauket Sammen encouraged Sadia Qamar and Zulfiqar Ali to investigate the consistency of the studies and supervised the findings of this work. All authors discussed the results and contributed to the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Zulfiqar Ali.

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Ali, Z., Qamar, S., Khan, N. et al. A New Regional Drought Index under X-bar Chart Based Weighting Scheme – The Quality Boosted Regional Drought Index (QBRDI). Water Resour Manage 37, 1895–1911 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-023-03461-9

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