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Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Hydrological Provision Ecosystem Services for Watershed Conservation Planning of Water Resources

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Abstract

Spatial planning for sustainable water resources development requires precise information on the local potential for providing water yield in a watershed. For water resource conservation, we analyzed spatial and temporal patterns of hydrological provision ecosystem services in the upper Teshio watershed of northernmost Japan. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was applied to simulate hydrologic processes and determine parameters affecting the water cycle. The spatial increase of water yield at flat area near river channel in winter was explained by low field capacity of soil water, absence of water uptake by crops and gentle topography. The spatial patterns of snowmelt and rainfall were important drivers of the spatial pattern in water yield during other periods. The zonation model was applied to investigate dynamic changes in spatial conservation prioritization of hydrological provision ecosystem services, according to simulated water yields in February, April and October. The results showed that the conservation priority ranking dynamically changed spatially and temporally. Our economic assessment of hydrological provisioning services (irrigation, electricity production and household usage) indicated that the spatial pattern of the priority for water resources was different from that of economic value of the provisioning services. Our results indicated that a combination of hydrologic and cost zonation models would improve sustainable management planning of water resources and their hydrological ecosystem services have great spatiotemporal fluctuation.

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Acknowledgments

This study was partly supported by a scholarship from the China Scholarship Council. The work was conducted under the Program for Risk Information on Climate Change (SOUSEI Program), supported by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan (MEXT). We thank the management office of Uryu Dam, Hokkaido Electric Co., Ltd., for providing data on water inflow to the Teshio River. We also are grateful for Drs. Makoto Ooba and Kiichiro Hayashi provided useful comments to initial draft of the paper.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 10, Nishi 5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan

    Min Fan

  2. Forest Research Station, Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, Kita 9, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0809, Japan

    Hideaki Shibata

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  1. Min Fan
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Correspondence to Min Fan.

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Fan, M., Shibata, H. Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Hydrological Provision Ecosystem Services for Watershed Conservation Planning of Water Resources. Water Resour Manage 28, 3619–3636 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-014-0691-2

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