Abstract
Currently, disabilities organizations are increasingly being challenged by the requirement for individualized service, expectations to show personal outcomes, and the need to base their services on evidence-based practices. Social entrepreneurship (SE) is being put forward as an innovative approach for dealing with these challenges. This article presents a systems approach to SE based on a program logic model. This model identifies the input factors (a strong social vision, exploiting opportunities, maximizing resources), throughput strategies (entrepreneurial orientation, critical thinking skills, networking, capacity building), and outcome components (improving people’s lives, community-building, improving society) of SE at the micro, meso, and macro level. Also, the importance of planning for contextual changes as a social entrepreneur is discussed. The article concludes with presenting three inspiring practices regarding SE in the field of disabilities organizations.
Résumé
À l’heure actuelle, les organisations de handicapés sont de plus en plus confrontées à l’exigence d’un service personnalisé, aux attentes pour afficher les résultats personnels et à la nécessité de fonder leurs services sur des pratiques fondées sur des données probantes. L’entrepreneuriat social est présenté comme une approche novatrice pour faire face à ces défis. Cet article présente une approche systémique de l’entrepreneuriat social basée sur un modèle logique de programme. Ce modèle identifie les facteurs d’entrée de l’entrepreneuriat social (une vision sociale forte, la recherche de débouchés, l’optimisation des ressources), les stratégies de rendement (l’orientation entrepreneuriale, la pensée critique, la mise en réseau, le renforcement des capacités) et les éléments des résultats (l’amélioration des conditions de vie des populations, le renforcement de la communauté, l’amélioration de la société) aux niveaux macroéconomique, méso-économique et microéconomique. L’importance de la planification des changements contextuels en tant qu’entrepreneur social est également traitée. L’article se termine par la présentation de trois pratiques enrichissantes concernant l’entrepreneuriat social dans le domaine des organisations de handicapés.
Zusammenfassung
Ein gegenwärtig wachsendes Problem für Behindertenorganisationen sind das Erfordernis für individualisierte Dienstleistungen, die Erwartungen, persönliche Resultate nachzuweisen und die Notwendigkeit, ihre Dienstleistungen auf bewährte Praktiken zu basieren. Das soziale Unternehmertum steht dabei als ein innovativer Ansatz zum Umgang mit diesen Herausforderungen im Vordergrund. Dieser Beitrag präsentiert einen Systemansatz zum sozialen Unternehmertum beruhend auf einem Programmlogik-Modell. Dieses Modell identifiziert die Inputfaktoren (eine starke soziale Vision, Chancennutzung, Ressourcenmaximierung), Durchsatzstrategien (unternehmerische Orientierung, kritisches Denken, Networking, Kapazitätsbildung) und Ergebniskomponenten (Verbesserung des Lebens einzelner Personen, Gemeinschaftsbildung, Verbesserung der Gesellschaft) des sozialen Unternehmertums auf der Mikro-, Meso- und Makroebene. Zudem wird die Bedeutung einer Planung für Kontextänderungen für soziale Unternehmer diskutiert. Abschließend präsentiert der Beitrag drei anregende Praktiken im Hinblick auf das soziale Unternehmertum im Bereich der Behindertenorganisationen.
Resumen
Actualmente, las organizaciones de discapacitados cada vez se ven más cuestionadas por el requisito de un servicio individualizado, expectativas para mostrar resultados personales y la necesidad de basar sus servicios en prácticas basadas en la evidencia. El emprendimiento social (SE, por sus siglas en inglés) se presenta como un enfoque innovador para tratar estos desafíos. Este artículo presenta un enfoque de sistemas del emprendimiento social basado en un modelo lógico de programas. Este modelo identifica los factores de entrada (una potente visión social, explotación de oportunidades, maximización de recursos), las estrategias de rendimiento (orientación empresarial, habilidades de pensamiento crítico, trabajo en red, creación de capacidad) y los componentes del resultado (mejora de las vidas de las personas, construcción de la comunidad, mejora de la sociedad) del SE a nivel micro, medio y macro. Asimismo, se trata la importancia de la planificación de cambios contextuales como un emprendedor social. El artículo concluye presentando tres prácticas inspiradoras relativas al SE en el campo de las organizaciones de discapacitados.
摘要
当前,残疾人组织越来越受到个性化服务的需要、希望展现个人成就以及将它们的服务建立在行之有效的实践的基础上的需要的挑战。 为了应对这些挑战,提出了公益创业这个新的思路,本文在项目逻辑模型的基础上从体系的角度提出了一个公益创业途径,这个模型发现了输入因素(社会远见、利用机会、资源最大化)、有效产出战略(创业方向、批判性思考的能力、网络、能力建设)以及公益创业成果在宏观层次、微观层次和细观层次上的构成(提高人们的生活、社会建设、社会提高),本文也讨论了作为社会企业家要针对环境的变化进行规划的重要性。 在结论中,文章提出了三个有关在残疾人领域中进行公益创业的鼓舞人心的做法。
ملخص
اليا”، يتزايد تحدى منظمات المعوقين عن طريق إشتراط خدمة فردية، التوقعات لإظهار النتائج الشخصية والحاجة إلى إستناد خدماتهم على الممارسات القائمة على الأدلة. يجري وضع المشاريع الإجتماعية (SE) في المقدمة بإعتبارها نهج مبتكرللتعامل مع هذه التحديات. تقدم هذه المقالة نهج النظم للمشاريع الإجتماعية (SE)على أساس نموذج منطق البرنامج. يحدد هذا النموذج عوامل المساهمة (رؤية اجتماعية قوية، إستغلال الفرص، زيادة الموارد)، إستراتيجيات الإنتاجية (إتجاه المبادرة، مهارات التفكير النقدي، التواصل، بناء القدرات) ومكونات النتيجة (تحسين حياة الأشخاص، بناء المجتمع، تحسين المجتمع) المشاريع الإجتماعية (SE) في المستوى الجزئي والمتوسط و الكلي. أيضا”، يناقش أهمية التخطيط للتغييرات السياقية كأحد الرواد الإجتماعيين. يختتم المقال مع تقديم ثلاث ممارسات ملهمة فيما يتعلق بالمشاريع الإجتماعية (SE) في مجال منظمات الإعاقة.
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De Ruysscher, C., Claes, C., Lee, T. et al. A Systems Approach to Social Entrepreneurship. Voluntas 28, 2530–2545 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11266-016-9704-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11266-016-9704-5