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The Give and Take of Volunteering: Motives, Benefits, and Personal Connections among Irish Volunteers

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VOLUNTAS: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Volunteers are integral to the delivery of health and social services in many countries. Volunteer motivation is the key phenomenon around which research into the psychology of volunteering behaviour has been based in the recent past. This study comprised interviews with 26 volunteers working with eight health and social care organizations in Ireland. The study aimed to describe and interpret reasons for initial and continued volunteering involvement. Four key themes were proposed on the basis of a thematic analysis: volunteer motives; personal connections to organizations and causes; benefits; and challenges arising from volunteering. These themes are analysed in light of social psychological theory to better understand why people volunteer and maintain their involvement in the face of competing demands. The findings suggest that benefits and challenges merit a higher profile in research into the volunteer process, and that bonds of perceived obligation motivate many volunteers to begin and continue their involvement in health and social care.

Résumé

Les bénévoles font preuve d’intégrité dans de nombreux pays lorsqu’ils dispensent des soins et offrent leurs services. La motivation des bénévoles est le phénomène clé sur lequel la recherche en psychologie et le comportement volontaire se sont penchés ces récentes années. Cette étude comporte l’interview de vingt-six (26) bénévoles travaillant en Irlande pour huit organisations de santé et services sociaux. L’étude est destinée à décrire et interpréter les raisons pour un engagement initial et continu de soutenu. On a proposé quatre (4) thèmes clés sur la base d'une analyse thématique : motifs de volontariat; connexions personnelles à des organisations et à ces cases ; et les défis résultant de l’action bénévole. Trois thèmes sont analysés à la lumière de la théorie psychologique sociale pour mieux comprendre pourquoi les gens se portent volontaire et maintiennent leur engagement face à la concurrence des demandes. Les découvertes suggèrent que les bénéfices et les défis méritent un profil plus haut dans recherche du processus de bénévolat, et que les liens d'obligation perçus motivent de nombreux bénévoles et de continuer leur participation à la santé et la prise en charge sociale.

Zusammenfassung

In vielen Ländern spielen ehrenamtlich Tätige bei der Bereitstellung von Diensten im Gesundheits- und Sozialbereich eine wesentliche Rolle. Die Motivation für ehrenamtliche Tätigkeit ist das entscheidende Phänomen, auf das sich Forschungen im Bereich der Psychologie hinsichtlich der Bereitschaft zu gemeinnütziger Arbeit in der jüngsten Vergangenheit berufen haben. Die vorliegende Studie beinhaltet Befragungen von 26 Personen, die bei acht Organisationen im Gesundheits- und Sozialwesen in Irland ehrenamtlich tätig sind. Ziel der Studie war es, die Gründe für ein anfängliches und weiterführendes ehrenamtliches Engagement zu beschreiben und zu interpretieren. Es wurden vier Schlüsselthemen aufgrund einer thematischen Anlayse vorgeschlagen: Motive für die Ausführung ehrenamtlicher Tätigkeiten, persönliche Verbindungen zu Organisationen und Zwecke, Vorteile und Probleme im Rahmen der ehrenamtlichen Tätigkeit. Diese Themen werden vor dem Hintergrund sozial-psychologischer Theorien untersucht, um zu einem besseren Verständnis zu führen, warum Menschen ehrenamtliche Tätigkeiten übernehmen und trotz konkurrierender Belastungen fortführen. Die Ergebnisse lassen darauf schließen, dass die Vorteile und Probleme eine höhere Beachtung im Rahmen der Forschung zur ehrenamtlichen Tätigkeit verdienen und dass die Einhaltung wahrgenommener Verpflichtungen viele ehrenamtlich Tätigen motiviert, sich im Gesundheits- und Sozialbereich zu engagieren.

Resumen

Los voluntarios son una parte fundamental de la prestación de servicios sanitarios y sociales en muchos países. La motivación de los voluntarios es el elemento principal en el que se han basado las investigaciones psicológicas en la actitud voluntaria en el pasado reciente. Para este estudio, se realizaron 26 entrevistas a voluntarios que trabajan en ocho organizaciones de cuidado social y sanitario en Irlanda. El estudio tenía como objeto describir e interpretar las razones que llevan a participar en el voluntariado inicialmente y a continuarlo después. Se propusieron cuatro temas de análisis principales: las razones de los voluntarios; las conexiones personales a las organizaciones y las causas; los beneficios; y los retos derivados del voluntariado. Estos temas se han analizado tomando como base la teoría socio-psicológica con objeto de entender mejor las razones que llevan a las personas a trabajar como voluntarios y seguir haciéndolo a pesar de las demandas cada vez más competitivas. Los resultados sugieren que los beneficios y los retos merecen más protagonismo en las investigaciones sobre voluntariado y que los nexos de la obligación percibidos motivan a muchos voluntarios a empezar y a continuar una participación activa en las acciones sanitarias y sociales.

摘要

在很多国家,志愿者对健康和社会服务机构而言是必不可少的。最近的很多关于志愿者行为的心理研究,都是基于并围绕志愿者动机这个关键现象展开的。本文的研究,主要是由对在爱尔兰的八家健康和社会护理机构工作的26位志愿者进行的采访构成。本项研究的目的,是对开始并持续参与志愿者活动的原因作出说明和解释。基于主位分析,我们提出了四个主要论题,它们是:成为志愿者的动机;与组织和事业的个人联系;益处;以及参加志愿者活动带来的挑战。借鉴一些社会心理学理论,我们对这些论题进行了分析,以便对人们在面对各种挑战的情况下还是选择并持续参与志愿者活动的原因作进一步了解。我们的研究结果显示,参与志愿者活动带来的益处和挑战,是志愿者选择参与义工活动的一个重要原因,而在义务主观感知方面结成的联系,是推动很多志愿者开始并持续参与健康和社会护理义工活动的动机

ملخص

المتطوعون جزء مكمل لتوصيل الخدمات الصحيه والرعايه الإجتماعيه في كثير من البلدان . الدافع الرئيسي للتطوع هوالظاهره الأساسيه المرتكز عليهاالبحث في علم النفس في سلوك المتطوعين في الماضي القريب . هذه الدراسه تشمل مقابلات مع ٢٦ متطوع الذين يعملون مع ثمانيه منظمات صحه و رعايه إجتماعيه في أيرلندا . تهدف هذه الدراسه إلى وصف و تفسير أسباب بدء المشاركه والإستمرار في العمل التطوعي . أربعه مواضيع رئيسيه مقترحه على أساس تحليل موضعي : دوافع التطوع ؛ العلاقات الشخصيه للمنظمات والأسباب ؛ فوائد ؛ والتحديات الناشئه عن العمل التطوعي . هذه المواضيع تم تحليلها على ضوء النظريه النفسيه الإجتماعيه لفهم أفضل لماذا الناس تطوع والحفاظ على مشاركتهم في وجه مطالب المتنافسات . النتائج تشير إلى أن المزايا و التحديات تستحق مكانه أعلى في البحث في عمليه التطوع ٬ والتمسك بإدراك الإلتزام يحفز كثير من المتطوعين ليبدأوا ويستمروا في مشاركتهم في الرعايه الصحيه والإجتماعيه

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Correspondence to Pádraig MacNeela.

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MacNeela, P. The Give and Take of Volunteering: Motives, Benefits, and Personal Connections among Irish Volunteers. Voluntas 19, 125–139 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11266-008-9058-8

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