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Analysis of DNA methylation in human BK virus

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Abstract

Human BK virus may cause nephropathy due to viral replication in patients who have undergone renal transplantation. However, the mechanism regulating replication of BKV is still not clear. Previous studies have suggested that epigenetic modifications may play a crucial role in virus replication. In this study, the DNA methylation profiles of five CpG sites located within the promoter/enhancer regions and nine CpG sites located within the early and late coding regions of the replicating BKV genome were investigated. BKV genomic DNA from mature virions and from the early and late phases of replicating BKV were examined for DNA methylation by bisulfite sequencing that covered 14 CpG sites. Our results showed that none of the examined BKV DNA from the various different stages of replication was methylated. This is the first report to analyze the methylation of BKV genomic DNA during viral replication. The results seem to indicate that methylation is not involved in regulation of BKV replication.

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Abbreviations

BKV:

BK virus

JCV:

JC virus

MCV:

Merkel cell polyomavirus

TSV:

Trichodysplasia spinulosa polyomavirus

HPyV:

Human polyomavirus

PVN:

Polyomavirus nephropathy

HBV:

Hepatitis B virus

HPV:

Human papillomavirus

EBV:

Estein–Barr virus

HIV:

Human immunodeficiency virus

IFA:

Immunofluorescent assay

KSAV:

Kaposi’s Sarcoma-associated herpesvirus

DNMT:

DNA methyltransferase

LATs:

Latent-associated transcripts

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by research grant from the National Science Council, Taiwan, ROC: NSC97-2320-B-194-002-MY3 to MWYC and NSC99-2321-B-194-001, and NSC97-2320-B-194-001-MY3 to DC.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Cheng University, 168, University Rd., Min-Hsiung, Chia-Yi, 621, Taiwan

    Chi-Fang Chang, Shu-Fen Wu, Michael W. Y. Chan & Deching Chang

  2. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi, Taiwan

    Chi-Fang Chang

  3. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan

    Meilin Wang

  4. Department of Urology, Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chia-Yi, Taiwan

    Chiung-Yao Fang

  5. Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan

    Pei-Lain Chen

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  1. Chi-Fang Chang
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  2. Meilin Wang
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  3. Chiung-Yao Fang
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  5. Shu-Fen Wu
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  6. Michael W. Y. Chan
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Correspondence to Michael W. Y. Chan or Deching Chang.

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11262_2011_627_MOESM1_ESM.jpg

Fig. S1. Replication of BKV. Vero cells were infected by BKV. LT (a) and VP1 (b) were detected by immunofluorescent assay using anti-LT and anti-VP1 antibodies on day 3, 8, 13, 18, 23, and 28 post-infection. The percentage of positive cells were quantified and this is shown in panel c. (JPEG 817 kb)

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Chang, CF., Wang, M., Fang, CY. et al. Analysis of DNA methylation in human BK virus. Virus Genes 43, 201–207 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11262-011-0627-3

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